2023—2024学年新乡市高三第一次模拟考试
英语
注意事项:
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: how much is the shirt
a. 19.15. b. 9.18. c. 9.15.
答案是 c。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what is the relationship between the speakers
a. classmates.
b. teacher and student.
c. salesman and customer.
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】w: ouch! my pencil is broken! can i borrow yours, bill
m: you’re the only person who still uses pencils to take notes in class. everyone else uses a laptop.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what does the woman want to do
a. have a rest. b. dance with the man. c. practice dancing for another hour.
【答案】a
【解析】
【原文】m: how did your dancing lesson go today
w: exciting, but it was hard work. i really need a rest now.
m: yeah, i can see that. go and get relaxed.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what time does the woman’s watch show
a. 7: 50. b. 7: 30. c. 7: 20.
【答案】c
【解析】
【原文】m: susan, when do you leave home for work
w: i usually leave home at 7: 30.
m: but it’s already 7: 50. won’t you be late
w: oh no. my watch is 30 minutes slow.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
who will go back home late tonight
a. the kids. b. the woman. c. the man.
【答案】c
【解析】
【原文】w: so what would you like me to prepare for dinner tonight
m: never mind cooking anything for me. i will not be home until late.
w: ok. i will just cook for myself and the kids then.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what does the man mean
a. he is very full. b. he wants to control weight. c. he dislikes the food.
【答案】b
【解析】
【原文】w: would you like some more food
m: oh, mrs black, your cooking is amazing. i definitely could eat more, but if i had one more steak, i would have to run at least 3 miles to burn the extra calories.
第二节 (共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. what does mike mostly play
a. center back. b. right wing. c. left back.
7. why does the woman ask about a football player
a. she plans to learn football.
b. she is preparing for schoolwork.
c. she will play a football game.
【答案】6. c 7. b
【解析】
【原文】w: tom, who is your favorite football player
m: mike.
w: what position does he play
m: he mostly plays left back but sometimes plays right wing, which makes him more efficient. do you have a favorite football player
w: no. i hardly ever watch football matches. my english teacher asked us to write about a football player. so, i want to know something about it. thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. what was wrong with the woman’s car
a. its battery was flat. b. its petrol was used up. c. it was too old to drive.
9. what is the woman going to do
a. buy a new car.
b. recharge the battery at home.
c. return the battery to the shop.
【答案】8. a 9. c
【解析】
【原文】w: my car wouldn’t start this morning.
m: it used to have a problem like that did you check the battery
w: yeah. it was dead again. i had to find someone to check it for me.
m: well, maybe you should buy a new battery.
w: but i just bought this one three months ago. it’s still new!
m: maybe they were dishonest and gave you an old one.
w: well, i don’t know. whatever it is, i’m going to return it. it’s ridiculous!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. where will the man be at 11: 00 this morning
a. at the office. b. at the airport. c. at the restaurant.
11. what will the man probably be doing at 2: 00 this afternoon
a. having a meeting. b. receiving a guest. c. reading a report.
12. when will the woman see the man
a. this afternoon. b. tomorrow morning. c. this noon.
【答案】10. b 11. a 12. b
【解析】
【原文】w: hello, mr white. do you think it’s possible for us to talk sometime today
m: i’d love to, miss wilson. but i have got a pretty tight schedule today. i have got to finish reading the yearly financial report by 10: 00. then i have to drive to the airport to pick up an advertiser at 11: 00. after that, i will have a meeting with him over lunch.
w: can i see you after lunch
m: well, let me see. after lunch, i have to attend a senior staff meeting, which may last about two hours. can you come at 3: 00 er, i will have a meeting with my sales team. i think we can talk for an hour before i meet my sales team at 4: 00.
w: i’m afraid an hour is too short. we have too many things to discuss. what about tomorrow morning
m: 9: 00 to 11: 00 then. i will wait for you at the office.
w: ok, see you then.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. who is the woman probably
a. a bank manager. b. a restaurant owner. c. a land agent.
14. why does the man talk to the woman
a. to save $40,000. b. to answer questions. c. to borrow some money.
15. where does the man intend to set up his business
a. in lincoln road. b. next to the bank. c. in his grandmother’s house.
16. what does the woman think is a must for the man to set up his business
a. the location. b. his future plans. c. enough customers.
【答案】13. a 14. c 15. a 16. b
【解析】
【原文】w: come in, sir. please sit down.
m: thank you. thanks very much for fitting me in. i know you must be very busy.
w: not at all. we do try to be available as much as possible.
m: well, as you know, i’ve come to see if there is any chance of the bank lending me some money to help me set up a small restaurant in the center of town.
w: well... i need to ask you one or two questions to start with. do you have any capital of your own
m: er, in fact, i’ve just come into some money. you see, my grandmother recently died and left me $40,000 which i wanted to use for the business. but i still need more money to start my business.
w: i see. and have you actually picked out a suitable location for the restaurant
m: yes, i think so. in lincoln road. it’s on the ground floor.
w: fine. and how about future plans it’s a must. have you brought your business proposal
m: sure. i’ve prepared all for it. here you are.
w: you’re so careful, sir. and we’ll inform you about the loan within three days.
m: thank you. looking forward to your early reply.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. what kind of people are “early birds”
a. those who get up at 10: 30 am.
b. those who go to bed around 9: 30 pm.
c. those who go to bed around 11: 00 pm.
18. when do most teenagers go to bed
a. around 9: 00 pm. b. around 10: 00 pm. c. around midnight or later.
19. how many teenagers can sleep enough according to the text
a. one-fifth. b. two-fifths. c. one-fourth.
20. what do we know about night owls from the text
a. they get good grades at school.
b. they get worse jobs than early birds.
c. they do better on some intelligence tests.
【答案】17. b 18. c 19. a 20. c
【解析】
【原文】w: everyone has a natural sleep routine. we go to bed and wake up at a certain time. but everyone’s routine is not the same. some people, early birds, go to bed early at night(around9: 30 pm). in the morning, they wake up easily and are energetic. others, night owls, stay awake until midnight or later. for them, it is difficult to wake up early. if they get up early, they will feel tired easily. what do we know about early birds and night owls here is what studies show. teenagers are natural night owls. however, most of them need nine to ten hours’ sleep a night. but in many places, they have to get up before 8: 00 am. for this reason, only one in five teenagers can sleep enough. more early birds get good grades at school, but night owls do better on some intelligence tests, according to a study of 1,000spanish teens. people with high scores on these tests usually get good jobs.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。
a
if you’re looking to lose weight or maintain healthy weight levels, it is important to include oatmeal (燕麦片) in your diet. it is highly nutritious, contains the best kind of complex carbs (碳水化合物), and is high in fiber. let’s learn something about it.
why is oatmeal effective for losing weight
●first and foremost, oatmeal is a perfect source of fiber, which is essential if you’re looking to lose weight. simply put, including more fiber into your daily diet is the easiest way to drop those pounds. why fiber makes you feel full in addition to digesting slowly, and so you eat less.
●another factor is that oatmeal has a zero sugar index, meaning your body won’t need to produce the extra insulin (胰岛素) that transfers sugar into stored fat. it goes without saying that if you have less stored fat to begin with, you are going to weigh less.
which kind of oatmeal is best
if your goal is to lose weight, you should be aware that not all oatmeal is the same. the four most common types are steel-cut oatmeal, rolled oatmeal, quick oatmeal and instant oatmeal.
●steel-cut oatmeal: it contains the most fiber and has the lowest blood sugar index. it is unprocessed and has a nuttier flavor than the other two whereas quick oatmeal has the mildest flavor.
●rolled and quick oatmeal: they are nearly as good, so ultimately the decision is mostly about taste preference.
●instant oatmeal: it contains added sugar and is highly processed, so you end up with none of the health benefits but with all of the things you shouldn’t be eating if you want to lose weight.
although reducing your calorie intake and eating the right foods is important, any weight loss program should also include exercise so that you don’t lose muscle mass.
21. who is the text mainly intended for
a. people wanting to be quickly recharged.
b. people longing to keep healthy weight levels.
c. people who are eager to prepare quick breakfast.
d. people who prefer to gain weight rather than lose weight.
22. which oatmeal should be avoided for dieters according to the text
a. steel-cut oatmeal. b. rolled oatmeal. c. instant oatmeal. d. quick oatmeal.
23. what can we learn from the text
a. oatmeal is a high-calorie food.
b. doctors can’t help you make any change.
c. all kinds of oatmeal have à weight loss effect.
d. a proper diet and exercise will help you lose weight.
【答案】21. b 22. c 23. d
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了燕麦片的作用及常见种类。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“if you’re looking to lose weight or maintain healthy weight levels, it is important to include oatmeal (燕麦片) in your diet.(如果你想减肥或保持健康的体重水平，在饮食中加入燕麦片是很重要的。)”可知，文章是写给那些渴望保持健康的体重的人。故选b。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“instant oatmeal: it contains added sugar and is highly processed, so you end up with none of the health benefits but with all of the things you shouldn’t be eating if you want to lose weight.(速溶燕麦片：它含有添加糖，经过高度加工，所以你最终没有任何健康益处，但如果你想减肥，你就不应该吃这些东西。)”可知，节食者应该避免吃速溶燕麦片。故选c。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“although reducing your calorie intake and eating the right foods is important, any weight loss program should also include exercise so that you don’t lose muscle mass.(虽然减少你的卡路里摄入量和吃正确的食物很重要，但任何减肥计划都应该包括锻炼，这样你就不会失去肌肉质量。)”可知，适当的饮食和运动将有助于你减肥。故选d。
b
george picariello was incredibly emotional as he received his diploma from needham high school on wednesday, nearly eight decades after he was sent to hospital for burn treatment in an attempt to save a little girl trapped in a burning house.
picariello had just turned 18 in march 1944 when he left needham high school a few months before graduation for his injury. he later welcomed a large family, including three children, eight grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.
but despite all of his later accomplishments as a police. picariello felt he was still missing a major one: earning his high school diploma. “it’s been a bucket list item, most recently in the last few years,” his son, michael said.
wanting to make it happen, picariello’s longtime friend, albert mercuri, recently reached out to needham public schools and asked if getting his diplom a would still be a possibility. the district instantly agreed and on wednesday. it finally happened.
in a moving ceremony at needham high school, which was attended by picariello’s friends and family, superintendent daniel gutekanst and principal aaron sicotte presented him with his diploma.
“we’re really honored that 77 years later, george, we can present you with a lifetime learning diploma,” gutekanst said. “representing not only your time at needham highschool, but a life well lived with an amazing family and, obviously, so many friends and colleagues.”
with his diploma now in his possession, picariello says he plans to frame it so he’ll be able to see it every day. he also jokes that he’s now focused on the next step of his educational journey.
24. what stopped picariello finishing his high school education in 1944
a. his family. b. his job. c. a fire. d. a joke.
25. why did albert mercuri reach needham public schools
a. to continue his education. b. to obtain a position for his friend.
c. to find out about the school. d. to help his friend realize his dream.
26. what does a lifetime learning diplom a mean to picariello
a. his time as a police. b. his past and present.
c. his friends and family. d. his life with an honor,
27. how will picariello deal with his diploma
a. by enjoying it daily. b. by showing it to everyone.
c. by burying it in a chest. d. by putting it under the pillow.
【答案】24. c 25. d 26. b 27. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。90多岁的 george picariello 终于从 needham high school拿到了时隔 77 年的毕业证书。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“george picariello was incredibly emotional as he received his diploma from needham high school on wednesday, nearly eight decades after he was sent to hospital for burn treatment in an attempt to save a little girl trapped in a burning house.(本周三，george picariello获得了needham high school的毕业证书，激动得难以置信。近80年前，他曾被送往医院接受烧伤治疗，试图救出一名被困在燃烧的房子里的小女孩)”以及第二段“picariello had just turned 18 in march 1944 when he left needham high school a few months before graduation for his injury.(1944年3月，picariello刚满18岁，因为受伤，他在毕业前几个月离开了needham high school)”可知，picariello 因为营救被困在起火的房屋中的小女孩而被烧伤，所以不得不在毕业前夕终止了高中学业。故选c项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“wanting to make it happen, picariello’s longtime friend, albert mercuri, recently reached out to needham public schools and asked if getting his diplom a would still be a possibility.(为了实现这一目标，皮卡列洛的老朋友albert mercuri最近联系了needham public schools，问他是否还有可能拿到毕业证书)”可知，为了让老朋友 picariello的愿望实现，albert mercuri 联系了needham public schools，询问 picariello是否还有可能拿到毕业证。故选d项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““we’re really honored that 77 years later, george, we can present you with a lifetime learning diploma,” gutekanst said. “representing not only your time at needham highschool, but a life well lived with an amazing family and, obviously, so many friends and colleagues.”(“我们真的很荣幸，77年后，乔治，我们可以向你颁发终身学习文凭，”gutekanst说。“不仅代表着你在needham highschool的时光，也代表着你和一个很棒的家庭一起度过的美好生活，当然，还有很多朋友和同事。”)”可知，这不仅代表了 picariello 在needham high school的时光(过去)，也代表了 picariello 美好的家庭，当然还有和这么多的朋友和同事一起度过的美好生活(现在)。故选b项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“with his diploma now in his possession, picariello says he plans to frame it so he’ll be able to see it every day. he also jokes that he’s now focused on the next step of his educational journey.(现在他拿到了毕业证书，picariello说他打算把它裱起来，这样他就可以每天都看到它了。他还开玩笑说，他现在专注于他的教育之旅的下一步)”可知，picariello 打算把毕业证裱起来，这样他就能每天看到它了。故选a项。
c
as christmas approaches and christmas trees come down, earthwatch offers the opportunity to sponsor the planting of a new tree with the tiny forest initiative.
earthwatch europe’s tiny forest initiative is devoted to increasing biodiversity and enabling people to reconnect with nature through citizen science. since planting the first forest in 2020, the movement has grown to almost 150 forests, resulting in increased biodiversity and carbon storage.
there have been some reports to suggest that when poorly planned or managed, planting trees can actually do more harm than good. this can happen when trees are being planted with the express purpose of carbon storage to offset (抵消) carbon emissions by, for example, big companies—the trees planted for this purpose aren’t always native species. the planting of nonnative trees can lead to monocultures (单种栽培) that cannot support life.
biodiversity needs to be a key consideration for reforestation, but this doesn’t offer the financial return s of planting for carbon storage or timber (木材) markets, so it can often fall by the wayside.
it is estimated that 50-60 million christmas trees are produced and cut in europe annually. in the run-up to christmas, earthwatch’s sponsor a sapling campaign offers the chance to sponsor the planting of a tree for 8.
josh kubale, senior communications manager at earthwatch, says, “we’re delighted with the tiny forest sponsor a sapling campaign, which will help people engage with what we’re doing at tiny forest and gives the option of an alternative and environmentally conscious christmas present, as well as being a great christmas gift, the campaign will help to fun d earthwatch’s work across all our programmes. we’ve now planted 160 tiny forests and as we celebrate our third anniversary, we hope to plant many more!”
28. what is earthwatch europe’s tiny forest initiative aimed to do
a. motivate economy. b. connect with people.
c. enlarge biodiversity. d. reduce carbon emission.
29. how can we make planting trees more beneficial
a. by increasing more investments in plants.
b. by planting more nonnative trees.
c. by raising the awareness of the environment.
d. by improving planning and management.
30. why does biodiversity fall by the wayside
a. because it is lack of economic benefit.
b. because it is short of key consideration.
c. because there is no support from the public.
d. because the timber market is oversupplied.
31. what may josh kubale expect the public to do at the coming christmas
a. choose a christmas gift. b. participate in tiny forest.
c. celebrate their third anniversary. d. donate to their programmes.
【答案】28. c 29. d 30. a 31. b
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。地球观察组织正在英国发起植树活动以保护生物多样性。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“earthwatch europe’s tiny forest initiative is devoted to increasing biodiversity and enabling people to reconnect with nature through citizen science. since planting the first forest in 2020, the movement has grown to almost 150 forests, resulting in increased biodiversity and carbon storage.(地球观察组织欧洲区的tiny forest计划致力于增加生物多样性，并使人们能够通过公民科学与自然重新建立联系。自2020年种植第一片森林以来，该运动已发展到近150片森林，从而增加了生物多样性和碳储量)”可知，地球观察组织欧洲区的tiny forest计划的目的是扩大生物多样性。故选c项，
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“there have been some reports to suggest that when poorly planned or managed, planting trees can actually do more harm than good.(有一些报告表明，如果计划或管理不善，植树实际上弊大于利)”可知，一些报告表明，如果计划不当或管理不善，植树实际上弊大于利。因此推知，想要让植树造林更有益处，必须改进计划和加强管理。故选d项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“biodiversity needs to be a key consideration for reforestation, but this doesn’t offer the financial return s of planting for carbon storage or timber (木材) markets, so it can often fall by the wayside.(生物多样性需要成为重新造林的一个关键考虑因素，但这并没有为碳储存或木材市场提供种植的经济回报，因此它经常被搁置一边)”可知，增加生物多样性需要成为重新造林的一个关键考虑因素，但这并不能为碳储存或木材市场提供经济回报，因此它往往会半途而废。故选a项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“josh kubale, senior communications manager at earthwatch, says, “we’re delighted with the tiny forest sponsor a sapling campaign, which will help people engage with what we’re doing at tiny forest and gives the option of an alternative and environmentally conscious christmas present, as well as being a great christmas gift, the campaign will help to fun d earthwatch’s work across all our programmes. we’ve now planted 160 tiny forests and as we celebrate our third anniversary, we hope to plant many more!”(地球观察的高级公关经理josh kubale说：“我们很高兴能够赞助小森林的树苗活动，这将帮助人们参与我们在小森林所做的事情，并提供另一种环保的圣诞礼物选择。作为一份很棒的圣诞礼物，这项活动将有助于地球观察在我们所有项目中的工作。我们现在已经种植了160个小森林，在我们庆祝成立三周年的时候，我们希望种植更多的小森林!”)”可知，该活动将帮助人们参与到 tiny forest当中，并为人们提供一种环保的圣诞礼物。因此 josh kubale 希望大家都能参与到这个活动中来。故选b项。
d
an increase in the efficiency of solar panels may be on the way, as research from the australian national university (anu) reduces their current limitations. anu researchers have found a way to improve the performance of silicon photovoltaic (pv)(硅光伏) or solar cells. this is done through the addition of “passivating (钝化) contacts” between the metal and silicon parts of the solar cell, making it more productive.
“these findings will help push the performance of silicon solar cells closer to their theoretical limit.” mohamed ismael, lead anu researcher and phd candidate said. “each day, the sun produces significantly more energy than needed to power the whole planet. the only limitation is our ability to economically convert it to electricity,” he said.
solar cells are devices that convert light energy in the form of photos into electrical energy. as it stands, solar cells aren’t operating at their maximum capacity due to considerable electrical losses associated with the direct contact of metals with silicon.
“transition metal oxides such as titanium oxide (二氧化钛) have many qualities that make them ideal as passivating contact layers,” dr lachlan black said. “this isn’t a new idea, but the way in which we combined these layers has produced better results and higher operating voltages than anything previously reported.”
the research team is hoping to develop the technology to a point where it can be applied to industrial solar cells on a large scale. the pv market is a multi-billion-dollar industry, with silicon solar cells contributing to 95 percent of all commercial solar cells. they are predicted to remain dominant for the foreseeable future given their advantageous properties compared to competitors.
“if successful, we could see our technology in almost all new solar panels installed on your roof or utility-scale solar plants,” dr black said. “improving the efficiency of solar cells guarantees more clean energy at a reduced cost. this not only helps to address climate change, but opens up new economic opportunities for this low-cost clean energy.”
32. what is the function of addition of “passivating contacts”
a. making solar cells long-lasting. b. improving the lifetime of solar cells.
c. pushing solar cells to the future. d. promoting the performance of solar cells.
33. what does the underlined word “convert” in paragraph 2 mean
a. switch. b. revise. c. convey. d. explore.
34. what is lachlan black’s attitude to the technology
a. cautious. b. doubtful. c. hopeful. d. negative.
35. what can be the best title for the text
a. new solar panels installed on your roof
b. shining new light on solar cells’ development
c. applying industrial solar cells on a large scale
d. electrical loss in metal direct contact with silicon
【答案】32. d 33. a 34. c 35. b
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员发现了一种提高硅光伏或太阳能电池性能的方法，这将有助于提高太阳能电池的效率。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“anu researchers have found a way to improve the performance of silicon photovoltaic (pv)(硅光伏) or solar cells. this is done through the addition of “passivating (钝化) contacts” between the metal and silicon parts of the solar cell, making it more productive.(澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员已经找到了一种提高硅光伏或太阳能电池性能的方法。这是通过在太阳能电池的金属和硅部分之间添加“钝化接触”来实现的，使其更有效率。)”可知，添加“钝化接触”的作用是提高太阳能电池的性能。故选d。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“each day, the sun produces significantly more energy than needed to power the whole planet(太阳每天产生的能量远远超过了整个地球所需的能量)”，“the only limitation is our ability to(唯一的限制是我们……的能力)”和“electricity(电)”可知，太阳每天会产生很多的能量，唯一的限制是我们是否能将能量转换成电，划线词convert意为“转换”，与 switch同义。故选a。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“improving the efficiency of solar cells guarantees more clean energy at a reduced cost. this not only helps to address climate change, but opens up new economic opportunities for this low-cost clean energy.(提高太阳能电池的效率可以保证以更低的成本获得更多的清洁能源。这不仅有助于应对气候变化，而且为这种低成本的清洁能源开辟了新的经济机会。)”可知，他对该技术满怀希望。故选c。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“anu researchers have found a way to improve the performance of silicon photovoltaic (pv)(硅光伏) or solar cells. this is done through the addition of “passivating (钝化) contacts” between the metal and silicon parts of the solar cell, making it more productive.(澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员已经找到了一种提高硅光伏或太阳能电池性能的方法。这是通过在太阳能电池的金属和硅部分之间添加“钝化接触”来实现的，使其更有效率。)”可知，本文主要讲的是澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员发现了一种提高硅光伏或太阳能电池性能的方法，这将有助于提高太阳能电池的效率，因此最好的题目是b选项“shining new light on solar cells’ development(为太阳能电池的发展带来新的曙光)”，故选b。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
how to make exercise a habit that sticks
there’s a reason why so many new year’s resolutions to get in shape crash and burn before february rolls around. and it’s not that you simply don’t have what it takes. ___36___ follow these steps to make exercise one of them.
remove obstacles. ___37___ do you tend to run out of time in the morning get your workout clothes out the night before so you’re ready to go as soon as you get up. do you skip your evening workout if you go home first keep a gym bag in the car, so you can head out straight from work.
___38___ a goal of exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week may sound good. but how likely are you to follow through the more ambitious your goal is, the more likely you are to fail, feel bad about it and give up. so, it’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve.
reward yourself. people who exercise regularly tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep, and a greater sense of well-being. ___39___ when you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards when you successfully complete a workout or reach a new fitness goal.
choose activities that make you feel happy and confident. if your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel clumsy or inept. you’re unlikely to stick with it. don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do. ___40___
a. set yourself up for success.
b. start small and build motivation.
c. however, these tend to be long-term rewards.
d. instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste.
e. plan ahead for anything that might get in the way of exercising.
f. science shows us that there’s a right way to build habits that last.
g. plan your workout for the time of day when you’re most awake and energetic.
【答案】36. f 37. e 38. b 39. c 40. d
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何让锻炼成为一个能坚持的习惯。
【36题详解】
根据前文“there’s a reason why so many new year’s resolutions to get in shape crash and burn before february rolls around. and it’s not that you simply don’t have what it takes.(为什么这么多的新年减肥计划在2月到来之前就失败了，这是有原因的。这并不是说你不具备成功的条件)”以及后文“follow these steps to make exercise one of them.(遵循以下步骤，让锻炼成为其中之一)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由讲述你具备成功的条件，过渡到开始讲方法，所以f项“science shows us that there’s a right way to build habits that last.(科学告诉我们，有一种正确的方法可以培养持久的习惯)”符合文意，起到过渡作用。故选f项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“remove obstacles.(移除障碍)”以及后文“do you tend to run out of time in the morning get your workout clothes out the night before so you’re ready to go as soon as you get up. do you skip your evening workout if you go home first keep a gym bag in the car, so you can head out straight from work.(你是不是经常在早上没时间了 前一天晚上把你的运动服拿出来，这样你一起床就准备好了。如果你先回家，你会跳过晚上的锻炼吗 在车里放一个健身包，这样你就可以直接下班就去了)”可知，e项“plan ahead for anything that might get in the way of exercising.(提前计划好任何可能妨碍锻炼的事情)”是对前文的进一步说明，并引出后文具体事例。故选e项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“a goal of exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week may sound good. but how likely are you to follow through the more ambitious your goal is, the more likely you are to fail, feel bad about it and give up. so, it’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve.(每天锻炼30分钟，每周锻炼5次的目标听起来不错。但是你坚持到底的可能性有多大呢 你的目标越远大，你就越有可能失败，越有可能为此感到难过，越有可能放弃。所以，最好从你知道你能实现的简单运动目标开始)”可知，本段主要介绍从能实现的简单运动目标开始锻炼，所以b项“start small and build motivation.(从小事做起，建立动力)”是本段的中心句。故选b项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“people who exercise regularly tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep, and a greater sense of well-being.(经常锻炼的人倾向于这样做，因为它给他们的生活带来了回报，比如更多的精力、更好的睡眠和更大的幸福感)”以及后文“when you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards when you successfully complete a workout or reach a new fitness goal.(当你开始一项锻炼计划时，当你成功完成锻炼或达到一个新的健身目标时，给自己立即奖励是很重要的)”可知，本段主要讲述给自己奖励，所以c项“however, these tend to be long-term rewards.(然而，这些往往是长期奖励)”符合本段主题，承接上文，并引出下文，其中rewards为同词复现。故选c项。
【40题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“choose activities that make you feel happy and confident. if your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel clumsy or inept. you’re unlikely to stick with it. don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do.(选择让你感到快乐和自信的活动。如果你的锻炼不愉快，或者让你感到笨拙或无能。你不太可能坚持下去。不要仅仅因为你认为你应该去健身房跑步或举重而选择这些活动)”可知，d项“instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste.(相反，选择适合你的生活方式、能力和品味的活动)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选d项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 a、b、c、d四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
seven-year-old maggie kuznia loves books, but she seems to love sharing the stories she reads even more. qnce or twice a week, the little girl puts a few books in her backpack and gets ready to ___41___ the elderly at good samaritan society.
maggie’s mom, tiffany kuznia, works as the activity director at the retirement facility and often brings her daughter with her to ___42___. one day, as little maggie was packing her bag, tiffany kuznia ___43___ her to bring her toys. maggie quickly replied that she had ___44___ plans for the day. “i’m going to bring books and i’m going to read to the residents.” she ___45___.
with time, maggie has become so beloved among the residents that she even has “___46___” she reads to every week. she often visits each one for over an hour with her mom regularly checking in on her to make sure she isn’t overstaying her ___47___. much to maggie’s ___48___, the residents are more than happy to have her around for extended periods of time. the ___49___ usually leads to coloring books and doing puzzles with her elderly friends, who ____50____ maggie a granddaughter of their own.
maggie hopes to inspire other kids of her age to read to the elderly. ____51____ polishing her reading abilities and having a group of devoted ____52____, her senior friends are always ready to help her when she trips up on a ____53____ word. as for the residents, maggie seems to ____54____ their day. “i think the intergenerational part is so good,” patti griggs, a resident maggie has befriended, said. “everybody likes to have the ____55____ of another person and be special to them.”
41.
a. follow b. defend c. visit d. teach
42.
a. chat b. work c. queue d. travel
43.
a. reminded b. persuaded c. trained d. permitted
44.
a. normal b. desperate c. basic d. different
45.
a predicted b. announced c. complained d. requested
46.
a. performers b. operators c. regulars d. librarians
47.
a. behavior b. challenge c. memory d. welcome
48.
a. relief b. concern c. delight d. regret
49.
a. reading b. talking c. listening d. writing
50.
a. choose b. consider c. prove d. appoint
51.
a. in addition to b. because of c. in return for d. thanks to
52.
a. followers b. sufferers c. listeners d. teachers
53.
a. true b. familiar c. good d. new
54.
a. brighten up b. account for c. comment on d. figure out
55.
a. advantage b. judgement c. competence d. attention
【答案】41. c 42. b 43. a 44. d 45. b 46. c 47. d 48. c 49. a 50. b 51. a 52. c 53. d 54. a 55. d
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述喜欢读书的小女孩maggie在养老院给老人读书的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期有一两次，小女孩把几本书放在背包里，准备去看望good samaritan协会的老人。a. follow跟着，跟随，遵循；b. defend保卫，防御；c. visit参观，看望，拜访；d. teach教授，讲授。根据下文“i’m going to bring books and i’m going to read to the residents.”以及“she often visits each one for over an hour with her mom regularly checking in on her to make sure she isn’t overstaying her ___7___.”可知，maggie每周会带上书去看望good samaritan协会的老人。故选c。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：maggie的妈妈tiffany kuznia是养老院的活动主管，她经常带着女儿去上班。a. chat闲聊；b. work工作；c. queue排队；d. travel旅行。根据句中的“works as the activity director at the retirement facility”可知，maggie的妈妈tiffany kuznia在养老院工作，她经常带着女儿去上班。故选b。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当小maggie收拾书包时，maggie提醒她带上玩具。a. reminded提醒，使想起；b. persuaded说服，劝说；c. trained训练；d. permitted允许。根据上文“maggie’s mom, tiffany kuznia, works as the activity director at the retirement facility and often brings her daughter with her to ___2___.”以及下文“i’m going to bring books and i’m going to read to the residents.”可知，tiffany kuznia要带着女儿去上班，提醒女儿带上玩具。故选a。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：maggie很快回答说她今天有不同的计划。a. normal正常的；b. desperate绝望的；c. basic基本的；d. different不同的。根据上文“tiffany kuznia ___3___ her to bring her toys”以及下文“i’m going to bring books and i’m going to read to the residents.”可知，maggie不想带玩具，而是带书读给老人听；由此可知，maggie有不同的计划。故选d。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我要带书来，给住在那儿的人读书。”她宣布。a. predicted预测；b. announced宣布（计划等），声称；c. complained抱怨；d. requested要求。根据句中maggie所说的话“i’m going to bring books and i’m going to read to the residents.”可知此处是maggie在宣布她的计划。故选b。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，maggie在居民中变得如此受人喜爱，以至于她甚至有了每周要听她读书的“常客”。a. performers表演者，执行者；b. operators经营者，操作者；c. regulars常客，老主顾；d. librarians图书管理员。根据句中“maggie has become so beloved among the residents”以及“every week”可知，maggie在老人中非常受欢迎，许多老人已经成为她的听众，成为每周都要听她读书的“常客”。故选c。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她经常在每个人面前呆上一个多小时，她的妈妈会定期来看看她，以确保她不会因呆得太久而不受欢迎。a. behavior行为；b. challenge挑战；c. memory记忆，回忆；d. welcome欢迎，迎接。根据句中“she often visits each one for over an hour”可知，maggie经常在每个人面前呆上一个多小时，因此她的妈妈会定期来看看她，以确保她不会因呆得太久而打扰老人们；固定短语overstay one’s welcome意为“作客太久而不再受欢迎”符合语境。故选d。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让maggie很高兴是，这里的住户们非常乐意让她长时间在这里。a. relief宽慰，缓解；b. concern担心，忧虑；c. delight高兴；d. regret遗憾，惋惜。根据句中“the residents are more than happy to have her around for extended periods of time”可知，这儿的人们非常欢迎maggie在他们身边的时间长点，这让maggie非常高兴。故选c。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阅读活动通常会发展为与她的老年朋友一起在给书涂色和做拼图，这些老人把maggie当作自己的孙女。a. reading阅读；b. talking讲话；c. listening倾听；d. writing写作。根据上文“maggie has become so beloved among the residents that she even has “___6___” she reads to every week.”可知，此处指maggie给老年读书这一活动通常最后发展为与她的老年朋友一起给书涂色和做拼图。故选a。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读活动通常会发展为与她的老年朋友一起在给书涂色和做拼图，这些老人把maggie当作自己的孙女。a. choose选择；b. consider考虑，认为；c. prove证实；d. appoint任命，指派。根据空后“maggie a granddaughter of their own”可知，这些老人把maggie当作自己的孙女；consider…as…“把……看做/视为……”符合语境。故选b。
【51题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：除了提高她的阅读能力和有一群忠实的听众外，当她遇到生词时，她的高龄朋友总是乐于帮助她。a. in addition to除……以外（还）；b. because of由于，因为；c. in return for作为（对……的）回报；d. thanks to幸亏，由于。根据句中“polishing her reading abilities and having a group of devoted ___12___”以及“her senior friends are always ready to help her when she trips up on a ___13___ word”可知，给老人读书不仅提高她的阅读能力并让她拥有一群忠实的听众，还能在遇到生词时得到老人们的帮助；in addition to“除……以外（还）”符合语境。故选a。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了提高她的阅读能力和有一群忠实的听众外，当她遇到生词时，她的老年朋友总是乐于帮助她。a. followers追随者，仿效者；b. sufferers患者，受害者；c. listeners听众；d. teachers教师。根据上文“with time, maggie has become so beloved among the residents that she even has “___6___” she reads to every week.”可知maggie给老人阅读并深受欢迎，由此可知，阅读让她拥有一群老年听众。故选c。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了提高她的阅读能力和有一群忠实的听众外，当她遇到生词时，她的老年朋友总是乐于帮助她。a. true真实的；b. familiar熟悉的；c. good好的，优良的；d. new新的，不熟悉的。根据空前的“her senior friends are always ready to help her when she trips up on”可知，在maggie阅读遇到生词时 老人们会很乐意帮助她。故选d。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这些居民来说，maggie似乎让他们的生活充满了欢乐。a. brighten up(使)快活起来, (使)增添乐趣，使更艳丽；b. account for解释，是……的说明（或原因）；c. comment on评论；d. figure out弄清楚，计算。上文讲述maggie的到来与阅读深受老人们的喜爱，结合下文“i think the intergenerational part is so good”可知，maggie给老人们的生活增添了乐趣。故选a。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我认为代际的部分很好，” maggie结识的居民patti griggs说，“每个人都喜欢得到另一个人的关注，对他们来说是特别的。”a. advantage优势；b. judgement判断；c. competence能力；d. attention注意。结合上文讲述的maggie给老人读书并深受欢迎的故事以及空后“be special to them”可知，每个人都希望自己对他人来说是特别的，得到别人的关注。故选d。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
from green sporting venues (场馆) ___56___ (equip) with wind, photovoltaic and other clean energy sources to technological applications including driverless buses and digital torchbearers, green technology became one of the ___57___ (big) highlights of the 19th asian games, held from sept. 23 to oct. 8 in hangzhou, east china’s zhejiang province.
through the games, hangzhou’s green and high-tech development concepts served as models for other cities in china, which also showed the country’s ___58___ (commit) to low carbon and innovation-driven development.
the 65 venues and related facilities of the games realized 100 percent green electricity supply. at the hangzhou olympic sports centre aquatic sports arena, the intelligent light guide system can save 100,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year by introducing outdoor ___59___ (nature) light in to the arena through 210 tubes on the roof. at the fuyang water sports center, ___60___ variety of green plants made the arena’s greening rate reach 45 percent, ___61___ can collect carbon and release oxygen, and also make the arena warm in winter and cool in summer.
as hangzhou ___62___ (be) one of china’s digital cities, intelligence became a major feature of the games. the opening ceremony used 3d wire-guided technology in a large space ___63___ the first time, making the flame lighting ceremony the first digital lighting ceremony. with digital substantive integration. all venues ___64___ (cover) with 5g systems, new energy charging piles and intelligent management systems, while the tournament was broadcast in 4k ultra high definition, ___65___ (create) a new immersive viewing experience for viewers.
【答案】56. equipped
57. biggest
mitment
59. natural
60. a 61. which
62. is 63. for
64. were covered
65. creating
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国杭州举办的第19届亚洲运动会中的绿色科技亮点。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第19届亚运会于9月23日至10月8日在中国东部浙江省杭州市举行，从配备风能、光伏和其他清洁能源的绿色体育场馆，到无人驾驶巴士和数字火炬手等技术应用，绿色技术成为了最大的亮点之一。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词became，所以equip用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语venues是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填equipped。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：第19届亚运会于9月23日至10月8日在中国东部浙江省杭州市举行，从配备风能、光伏和其他清洁能源的绿色体育场馆，到无人驾驶巴士和数字火炬手等技术应用，绿色技术成为了最大的亮点之一。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据空前的one of可知，用最高级形式。故填biggest。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过运动会，杭州的绿色和高科技发展理念为中国其他城市提供了榜样，这也表明了中国对低碳和创新驱动发展的承诺。空前是名词所有格，所以空处应填名词作宾语，commit的名词形式是commitment。故填commitment。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在杭州奥体中心水上运动场馆，智能导光系统通过210个屋顶管将室外自然光引入场馆，每年可节省10万千瓦时的电力。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，nature的形容词形式是natural。故填natural。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在阜阳水上运动中心，多种绿色植物使场馆的绿化率达到45%，既能集碳释氧，又能冬暖夏凉。此处是固定搭配：a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填a。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在阜阳水上运动中心，多种绿色植物使场馆的绿化率达到45%，既能集碳释氧，又能冬暖夏凉。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是green plants，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：由于杭州是中国的数字城市之一，智能成为了本届奥运会的一大特色。主语为专有名词hangzhou且句子描述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时的单数形式。故填is。
【63题详解】
考查介词。开幕式首次在大空间使用3d线导技术，使圣火点燃仪式成为首个数字化照明仪式。此处是固定搭配,：for the first time意为“第一次”。故填for。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：所有场馆都覆盖了5g系统，新能源充电桩和智能管理系统，而比赛以4k超高清转播，为观众创造了全新的沉浸式观看体验。分析句子结构可知，cover作本句的谓语，和主语all venues之间为被动关系，且描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动形式，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were covered。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所有场馆都覆盖了5g系统，新能源充电桩和智能管理系统，而比赛以4k超高清转播，为观众创造了全新的沉浸式观看体验。本句已有谓语动词，所以create用非谓语形式，此处非谓语动词作结果状语，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用其现在分词形式。故填creating。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 近期你校英语报正在进行主题为“should students participate in community service ”的征文活动。请你就此写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 参加社区服务的好处；
2. 简述你的观点。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
should students participate in community service
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】one possible version:
should students participate in community service
high school students who participate in community service projects can benefit from the experience in many ways. first, most students learn new skills in these situations and work with people of diverse backgrounds and lifestyles. in addition, teens who hold summer jobs tend to be more confident because they learn that they are able to be responsible.
from my point of view, schools should support community service not only because there are many people in need of help but because many students figure out what they want to do for a career through community service.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“should students participate in community service ”为题，写一篇短文向校英语报投稿。内容包括：1. 参加社区服务的好处；2. 简述你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first→first of all
参加：participate in→take part in
另外：in addition→what’s more
在我看来：from my point of view→as far as i am concerned
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：from my point of view, schools should support community service not only because there are many people in need of help but because many students figure out what they want to do for a career through community service.
拓展句：from my point of view, schools should support community service not only because there are many people who are in need of help but because many students figure out what they want to do for a career through community service.
【点睛】[高分句型1] high school students who participate in community service projects can benefit from the experience in many ways. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] in addition, teens who hold summer jobs tend to be more confident because they learn that they are able to be responsible. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句，because引导的原因状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
my childhood was filled with fun and laughter, and i cherish those memories to this day. i still remember the excitement i felt when i got my first bicycle as a child.
my parents bought me a bicycle as my birthday gift when i was ten years old, hoping i can get more outdoor exercise and make more friends as i was then addicted to computer games and was getting more weight. it was a brand new model with all the latest features in it. i was the happiest person in the world that day. i had hugged my parents tight and was jumping with joy. it was the most useful thing i had with me at that moment.
my cycle was a limited edition arrival. it had all the latest features like enhanced brakes, improved gears, indicators, a bottle holder, a horn instead of a bell and enhanced better gripping types. it looked flashy and colourful. the rim of the cycle was painted in dark green and the other parts were in shades of yellow and blue in patterns. it was the centre of attraction when it was delivered at my house and all of my friends stared at it with wide eyes. each one of them wanted a ride on the cycle. i said i would allow everyone to ride it but only after i rode it first.
i rode the cycle every day to school and back home. since it had improved gears, it took me very less time to cover the distance between home and school and vice-versa. i also took the cycle to my tuition. wherever i used to park the cycle, the students would start staring at it because of its attractive color. i rode the cycle for all the purposes. even if i had to run errands (跑腿) from shops very near to our house, i would take the cycle for the unmixed fun of it. as a result, i successfully quitted computer games and lost much weight. forming a health living habit. my fondness for the cycle grew so much that i used to wash and clean it every day for thirty minutes in the morning. i never allowed anyone to ride the cycle.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为 150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
i had once competed with my friends on riding speed.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
just then something went wrong.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】one possible version:
i had once competed with my friends on riding speed. we wanted to ride our cycles in a competition to see who could reach the finishing line first. we reached the start line of the spot. once ready, my friend sounded the whistle and off we all went. while riding, we couldn’t help roaring with laughter all the way. our laughter flew in the air. since the ground was a bit rugged, it was very scary because one small mistake and we could go rolling on our backs.
just then something went wrong. suddenly two of my friends tripped upon a few stones and fell off their cycles. i panicked and accidentally turned my handle. i was headed straight for a tree when i applied the brakes as hard as i could. to my astonishment, the cycle had stopped just a few centimetres from the trunk of the tree because of the enhanced brakes. my friends were hurt while i escaped any injury. what an unforgettable experience! and it reminded me that i should be careful next time.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候因为沉迷电脑游戏，体重越来越重，父母送给作者一辆最新型的，非常好看的自行车，作者对它爱不释手，到哪里都会骑它，成功减轻体重，并和小伙伴们比赛骑车速度，有一次难忘的回忆。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我曾经和朋友们比试过骑自行车的速度。”可知，第一段可描写作者和朋友们比赛的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，出了问题。”可知，第二段可描写出了什么问题，并且作者如何克服问题。
2. 续写线索：沉迷电脑——父母送自行车——爱不释手——到哪里都骑它——和朋友比赛——遇到问题——解决问题。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①到达：reach/arrive/get to
②没有受伤：escape any injury/haven’t been hurt/be unhurt
③提醒：remind/put in mind/make one think
情绪类
①可怕的：scary/frightening/terrifying
②惊讶：astonishment/amazement/shock
【点睛】[高分句型1]we wanted to ride our cycles in a competition to see who could reach the finishing line first.(who引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]since the ground was a bit rugged, it was very scary because one small mistake and we could go rolling on our backs.(since引导的原因状语从句)2023—2024学年新乡市高三第一次模拟考试
英语
注意事项:
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: how much is the shirt
a. 19.15. b. 9.18. c. 9.15.
答案是 c。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what is the relationship between the speakers
a. classmates.
b. teacher and student.
c. salesman and customer.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what does the woman want to do
a. have a rest. b. dance with the man. c. practice dancing for another hour.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what time does the woman’s watch show
a. 7: 50. b. 7: 30. c. 7: 20.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
who will go back home late tonight
a. the kids. b. the woman. c. the man.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
what does the man mean
a. he is very full. b. he wants to control weight. c. he dislikes the food.
第二节 (共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. what does mike mostly play
a. center back. b. right wing. c. left back.
7. why does the woman ask about a football player
a. she plans to learn football.
b. she is preparing for schoolwork.
c. she will play a football game.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. what was wrong with the woman’s car
a. its battery was flat. b. its petrol was used up. c. it was too old to drive.
9. what is the woman going to do
a. buy a new car.
b. recharge the battery at home.
c. return the battery to the shop.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10 where will the man be at 11: 00 this morning
a. at the office. b. at the airport. c. at the restaurant.
11. what will the man probably be doing at 2: 00 this afternoon
a. having a meeting. b. receiving a guest. c. reading a report.
12. when will the woman see the man
a. this afternoon. b. tomorrow morning. c. this noon.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. who is the woman probably
a. a bank manager. b. a restaurant owner. c. a land agent.
14. why does the man talk to the woman
a. to save $40,000. b. to answer questions. c. to borrow some money.
15. where does the man intend to set up his business
a. in lincoln road. b. next to the bank. c. in his grandmother’s house.
16. what does the woman think is a must for the man to set up his business
a. the location. b. his future plans. c. enough customers.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. what kind of people are “early birds”
a. those who get up at 10: 30 am.
b. those who go to bed around 9: 30 pm.
c. those who go to bed around 11: 00 pm.
18. when do most teenagers go to bed
a. around 9: 00 pm. b. around 10: 00 pm. c. around midnight or later.
19. how many teenagers can sleep enough according to the text
a. one-fifth. b. two-fifths. c. one-fourth.
20. what do we know about night owls from the text
a. they get good grades at school.
b. they get worse jobs than early birds.
c. they do better on some intelligence tests.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。
a
if you’re looking to lose weight or maintain healthy weight levels, it is important to include oatmeal (燕麦片) in your diet. it is highly nutritious, contains the best kind of complex carbs (碳水化合物), and is high in fiber. let’s learn something about it.
why is oatmeal effective for losing weight
●first and foremost, oatmeal is a perfect source of fiber, which is essential if you’re looking to lose weight. simply put, including more fiber into your daily diet is the easiest way to drop those pounds. why fiber makes you feel full in addition to digesting slowly, and so you eat less.
●another factor is that oatmeal has a zero sugar index, meaning your body won’t need to produce the extra insulin (胰岛素) that transfers sugar into stored fat. it goes without saying that if you have less stored fat to begin with, you are going to weigh less.
which kind of oatmeal is best
if your goal is to lose weight, you should be aware that not all oatmeal is the same. the four most common types are steel-cut oatmeal, rolled oatmeal, quick oatmeal and instant oatmeal.
●steel-cut oatmeal: it contains the most fiber and has the lowest blood sugar index. it is unprocessed and has a nuttier flavor than the other two whereas quick oatmeal has the mildest flavor.
●rolled and quick oatmeal: they are nearly as good, so ultimately the decision is mostly about taste preference.
●instant oatmeal: it contains added sugar and is highly processed, so you end up with none of the health benefits but with all of the things you shouldn’t be eating if you want to lose weight.
although reducing your calorie intake and eating the right foods is important, any weight loss program should also include exercise so that you don’t lose muscle mass.
21. who is the text mainly intended for
a. people wanting to be quickly recharged.
b. people longing to keep healthy weight levels.
c. people who are eager to prepare quick breakfast.
d. people who prefer to gain weight rather than lose weight.
22. which oatmeal should be avoided for dieters according to the text
a. steel-cut oatmeal. b. rolled oatmeal. c. instant oatmeal. d. quick oatmeal.
23. what can we learn from the text
a. oatmeal is a high-calorie food.
b. doctors can’t help you make any change.
c. all kinds of oatmeal have à weight loss effect.
d. a proper diet and exercise will help you lose weight.
b
george picariello was incredibly emotional as he received his diploma from needham high school on wednesday, nearly eight decades after he was sent to hospital for burn treatment in an attempt to save a little girl trapped in a burning house.
picariello had just turned 18 in march 1944 when he left needham high school a few months before graduation for his injury. he later welcomed a large family, including three children, eight grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.
but despite all of his later accomplishments as a police. picariello felt he was still missing a major one: earning his high school diploma. “it’s been a bucket list item, most recently in the last few years,” his son, michael said.
wanting to make it happen, picariello’s longtime friend, albert mercuri, recently reached out to needham public schools and asked if getting his diplom a would still be a possibility. the district instantly agreed and on wednesday. it finally happened.
in a moving ceremony at needham high school, which was attended by picariello’s friends and family, superintendent daniel gutekanst and principal aaron sicotte presented him with his diploma.
“we’re really honored that 77 years later, george, we can present you with a lifetime learning diploma,” gutekanst said. “representing not only your time at needham highschool, but a life well lived with an amazing family and, obviously, so many friends and colleagues.”
with his diploma now in his possession, picariello says he plans to frame it so he’ll be able to see it every day. he also jokes that he’s now focused on the next step of his educational journey.
24. what stopped picariello finishing his high school education in 1944
a. his family. b. his job. c. a fire. d. a joke.
25. why did albert mercuri reach needham public schools
a. to continue his education. b. to obtain a position for his friend.
c. to find out about the school. d. to help his friend realize his dream.
26. what does a lifetime learning diplom a mean to picariello
a. his time as a police. b. his past and present.
c. his friends and family. d. his life with an honor,
27. how will picariello deal with his diploma
a. by enjoying it daily. b. by showing it to everyone.
c. by burying it in a chest. d. by putting it under the pillow.
c
as christmas approaches and christmas trees come down earthwatch offers the opportunity to sponsor the planting of a new tree with the tiny forest initiative.
earthwatch europe’s tiny forest initiative is devoted to increasing biodiversity and enabling people to reconnect with nature through citizen science. since planting the first forest in 2020, the movement has grown to almost 150 forests, resulting in increased biodiversity and carbon storage.
there have been some reports to suggest that when poorly planned or managed, planting trees can actually do more harm than good. this can happen when trees are being planted with the express purpose of carbon storage to offset (抵消) carbon emissions by, for example, big companies—the trees planted for this purpose aren’t always native species. the planting of nonnative trees can lead to monocultures (单种栽培) that cannot support life.
biodiversity needs to be a key consideration for reforestation, but this doesn’t offer the financial return s of planting for carbon storage or timber (木材) markets, so it can often fall by the wayside.
it is estimated that 50-60 million christmas trees are produced and cut in europe annually. in the run-up to christmas, earthwatch’s sponsor a sapling campaign offers the chance to sponsor the planting of a tree for 8.
josh kubale, senior communications manager at earthwatch, says, “we’re delighted with the tiny forest sponsor a sapling campaign, which will help people engage with what we’re doing at tiny forest and gives the option of an alternative and environmentally conscious christmas present, as well as being a great christmas gift, the campaign will help to fun d earthwatch’s work across all our programmes. we’ve now planted 160 tiny forests and as we celebrate our third anniversary, we hope to plant many more!”
28. what is earthwatch europe’s tiny forest initiative aimed to do
a. motivate economy. b. connect with people.
c. enlarge biodiversity. d. reduce carbon emission.
29. how can we make planting trees more beneficial
a. by increasing more investments in plants.
b. by planting more nonnative trees.
c by raising the awareness of the environment.
d. by improving planning and management.
30. why does biodiversity fall by the wayside
a. because it is lack of economic benefit.
b. because it is short of key consideration.
c. because there is no support from the public.
d. because the timber market is oversupplied.
31. what may josh kubale expect the public to do at the coming christmas
a. choose a christmas gift. b. participate in tiny forest.
c. celebrate their third anniversary. d. donate to their programmes.
d
an increase in the efficiency of solar panels may be on the way, as research from the australian national university (anu) reduces their current limitations. anu researchers have found a way to improve the performance of silicon photovoltaic (pv)(硅光伏) or solar cells. this is done through the addition of “passivating (钝化) contacts” between the metal and silicon parts of the solar cell, making it more productive.
“these findings will help push the performance of silicon solar cells closer to their theoretical limit.” mohamed ismael, lead anu researcher and phd candidate said. “each day, the sun produces significantly more energy than needed to power the whole planet. the only limitation is our ability to economically convert it to electricity,” he said.
solar cells are devices that convert light energy in the form of photos into electrical energy. as it stands, solar cells aren’t operating at their maximum capacity due to considerable electrical losses associated with the direct contact of metals with silicon.
“transition metal oxides such as titanium oxide (二氧化钛) have many qualities that make them ideal as passivating contact layers,” dr lachlan black said. “this isn’t a new idea, but the way in which we combined these layers has produced better results and higher operating voltages than anything previously reported.”
the research team is hoping to develop the technology to a point where it can be applied to industrial solar cells on a large scale. the pv market is a multi-billion-dollar industry, with silicon solar cells contributing to 95 percent of all commercial solar cells. they are predicted to remain dominant for the foreseeable future given their advantageous properties compared to competitors.
“if successful, we could see our technology in almost all new solar panels installed on your roof or utility-scale solar plants,” dr black said. “improving the efficiency of solar cells guarantees more clean energy at a reduced cost. this not only helps to address climate change, but opens up new economic opportunities for this low-cost clean energy.”
32. what is the function of addition of “passivating contacts”
a. making solar cells long-lasting. b. improving the lifetime of solar cells.
c. pushing solar cells to the future. d. promoting the performance of solar cells.
33. what does the underlined word “convert” in paragraph 2 mean
a. switch. b. revise. c. convey. d. explore.
34. what is lachlan black’s attitude to the technology
a. cautious. b. doubtful. c. hopeful. d. negative.
35. what can be the best title for the text
a. new solar panels installed on your roof
b. shining new light on solar cells’ development
c. applying industrial solar cells on a large scale
d. electrical loss in metal direct contact with silicon
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
how to make exercise a habit that sticks
there’s a reason why so many new year’s resolutions to get in shape crash and burn before february rolls around. and it’s not that you simply don’t have what it takes. ___36___ follow these steps to make exercise one of them.
remove obstacles. ___37___ do you tend to run out of time in the morning get your workout clothes out the night before so you’re ready to go as soon as you get up. do you skip your evening workout if you go home first keep a gym bag in the car, so you can head out straight from work.
___38___ a goal of exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week may sound good. but how likely are you to follow through the more ambitious your goal is, the more likely you are to fail, feel bad about it and give up. so, it’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve.
reward yourself. people who exercise regularly tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep, and a greater sense of well-being. ___39___ when you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards when you successfully complete a workout or reach a new fitness goal.
choose activities that make you feel happy and confident. if your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel clumsy or inept. you’re unlikely to stick with it. don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do. ___40___
a. set yourself up for success.
b. start small and build motivation.
c. however, these tend to be long-term rewards.
d. instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste.
e. plan ahead for anything that might get in the way of exercising.
f. science shows us that there’s a right way to build habits that last.
g. plan your workout for the time of day when you’re most awake and energetic.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 a、b、c、d四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
seven-year-old maggie kuznia loves books, but she seems to love sharing the stories she reads even more. qnce or twice a week, the little girl puts a few books in her backpack and gets ready to ___41___ the elderly at good samaritan society.
maggie’s mom, tiffany kuznia, works as the activity director at the retirement facility and often brings her daughter with her to ___42___. one day, as little maggie was packing her bag, tiffany kuznia ___43___ her to bring her toys. maggie quickly replied that she had ___44___ plans for the day. “i’m going to bring books and i’m going to read to the residents.” she ___45___.
with time, maggie has become so beloved among the residents that she even has “___46___” she reads to every week. she often visits each one for over an hour with her mom regularly checking in on her to make sure she isn’t overstaying her ___47___. much to maggie’s ___48___, the residents are more than happy to have her around for extended periods of time. the ___49___ usually leads to coloring books and doing puzzles with her elderly friends, who ____50____ maggie a granddaughter of their own.
maggie hopes to inspire other kids of her age to read to the elderly. ____51____ polishing her reading abilities and having a group of devoted ____52____, her senior friends are always ready to help her when she trips up on a ____53____ word. as for the residents, maggie seems to ____54____ their day. “i think the intergenerational part is so good,” patti griggs, a resident maggie has befriended, said. “everybody likes to have the ____55____ of another person and be special to them.”
41.
a. follow b. defend c. visit d. teach
42.
a. chat b. work c. queue d. travel
43.
a. reminded b. persuaded c. trained d. permitted
44
a normal b. desperate c. basic d. different
45.
a. predicted b. announced c. complained d. requested
46.
a. performers b. operators c. regulars d. librarians
47.
a. behavior b. challenge c. memory d. welcome
48.
a. relief b. concern c. delight d. regret
49.
a. reading b. talking c. listening d. writing
50.
a. choose b. consider c. prove d. appoint
51.
a. in addition to b. because of c. in return for d. thanks to
52.
a. followers b. sufferers c. listeners d. teachers
53.
a. true b. familiar c. good d. new
54.
a. brighten up b. account for c. comment on d. figure out
55.
a. advantage b. judgement c. competence d. attention
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
from green sporting venues (场馆) ___56___ (equip) with wind, photovoltaic and other clean energy sources to technological applications including driverless buses and digital torchbearers, green technology became one of the ___57___ (big) highlights of the 19th asian games, held from sept. 23 to oct. 8 in hangzhou, east china’s zhejiang province.
through the games, hangzhou’s green and high-tech development concepts served as models for other cities in china, which also showed the country’s ___58___ (commit) to low carbon and innovation-driven development.
the 65 venues and related facilities of the games realized 100 percent green electricity supply. at the hangzhou olympic sports centre aquatic sports arena, the intelligent light guide system can save 100,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year by introducing outdoor ___59___ (nature) light in to the arena through 210 tubes on the roof. at the fuyang water sports center, ___60___ variety of green plants made the arena’s greening rate reach 45 percent, ___61___ can collect carbon and release oxygen, and also make the arena warm in winter and cool in summer.
as hangzhou ___62___ (be) one of china’s digital cities, intelligence became a major feature of the games. the opening ceremony used 3d wire-guided technology in a large space ___63___ the first time, making the flame lighting ceremony the first digital lighting ceremony. with digital substantive integration. all venues ___64___ (cover) with 5g systems, new energy charging piles and intelligent management systems, while the tournament was broadcast in 4k ultra high definition, ___65___ (create) a new immersive viewing experience for viewers.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 近期你校英语报正在进行主题为“should students participate in community service ”的征文活动。请你就此写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 参加社区服务的好处；
2. 简述你的观点。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
should students participate in community service
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第二节 (满分25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
my childhood was filled with fun and laughter, and i cherish those memories to this day. i still remember the excitement i felt when i got my first bicycle as a child.
my parents bought me a bicycle as my birthday gift when i was ten years old, hoping i can get more outdoor exercise and make more friends as i was then addicted to computer games and was getting more weight. it was a brand new model with all the latest features in it. i was the happiest person in the world that day. i had hugged my parents tight and was jumping with joy. it was the most useful thing i had with me at that moment.
my cycle was a limited edition arrival. it had all the latest features like enhanced brakes, improved gears, indicators, a bottle holder, a horn instead of a bell and enhanced better gripping types. it looked flashy and colourful. the rim of the cycle was painted in dark green and the other parts were in shades of yellow and blue in patterns. it was the centre of attraction when it was delivered at my house and all of my friends stared at it with wide eyes. each one of them wanted a ride on the cycle. i said i would allow everyone to ride it but only after i rode it first.
i rode the cycle every day to school and back home. since it had improved gears, it took me very less time to cover the distance between home and school and vice-versa. i also took the cycle to my tuition. wherever i used to park the cycle, the students would start staring at it because of its attractive color. i rode the cycle for all the purposes. even if i had to run errands (跑腿) from shops very near to our house, i would take the cycle for the unmixed fun of it. as a result, i successfully quitted computer games and lost much weight. forming a health living habit. my fondness for the cycle grew so much that i used to wash and clean it every day for thirty minutes in the morning. i never allowed anyone to ride the cycle.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为 150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
i had once competed with my friends on riding speed.
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just then something went wrong.
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