高三英语
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后。你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：how much is the shit
a. 19.15 b. 9.18 c. 9.15.
答案是c。
1. how much does a two-hour guitar lesson cost
a. $15. b. $50. c. $100.
2. what is the woman going to do this afternoon
a. see a cartoon. b. buy a skateboard c. meet her mom.
3. what are the speakers mainly talking about
a. some music. b. a new instrument. c. a school concert.
4. which aspect of the position appeals to the woman
a. its free working time. b. the good salary. c. its less responsibility.
5. what does the man ask the woman to do
a. do some housework. b. play tennis. c. walk home.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. what do we know about the woman in the car
a. she is safe and sound. b. she can get out of the car. c. she is badly wounded.
7. why does the man need to stay away from the car
a. for his own safety. b. for staying on the line. c. for the better rescue.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. what is the man satisfied with about the new sofa
a. its color. b. its style. c. its size.
9 what does the woman suggest
a. buying a cheaper one. b. waiting for a sale. c. considering the brown one.
10. where does the conversation probably take place
a. at home. b. in the street. c. in a store.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. when does the woman want the taxi to pick her ap firstly
a. around 6:30. b. around 8:00. c. around 9:30
12. what does the woman expect the man to do in the end
a. wake her up at 5:00 b. give her a wake-up call. c. see her off at the airport.
13. what is the probable relationship between the speakers
a. receptionist and customer. b. driver and passenger. c. mother and son.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. why will the man go to montreal
a. to attend a friend’s wedding. b. to learn about quebec city. c. to visit st. lawrence river.
15. what does the woman say about montreal
a. it’s the capital. b. it’s the biggest city in quebec. c. it’s the most beautiful city.
16. what are some buildings in quebec city like
a. they will disappear. b. they are under repair. c. they are in ancient style.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. how many reasons does barry take to the parent agency
a. 5. b. 9. c. 10.
18. what will barry do with his new parents
a. do his homework. b. have birthday parties. c. eat many vegetables.
19. how does the speaker feel about the book
a. interesting. b. realistic. c. serious.
20. what is the speaker doing
a. recommending a book. b. telling a story. c. talking about his dream parents.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。
a
what’s on
master’s teens
forceful cuts, now running at the art museum of china profiles, through to sept 17, shows the late artist huang yongyu’s efforts in woodcut art. his woodcuts show a good assessment of human nature, with wisdom and humor. huang once said he lived every day in the same serious way as he worked on wood, “paying great attention to every cut”.
9 am—5 pm, closed on mondays.
66 shapowei, daxue road, siming district, xiamen, fujian province.
art into soul
two artists xu li and andrey kovalchuk are presenting an exhibition at shanghai’s new art museum, through to july 30. xu is showing dozens of his oil paintings. kovalchuk, who chairs the russian artists association, brings 24 sculptures. the show compares the cultural traditions and individual concerns of the two cultures.
9 am—5 pm closed on mondays.
1528 gumei road, shanghai.
eternal glare
the use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects, such as bowls, and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the neolithic culture in china. throughout centuries, lacquer art has been viewed as an important part of hubei’s cultural heritage (遗产). dozens of fine examples of this art from the collection of the hubei museum of art are now on show at world of lacquer, an exhibition running through to july 30, at the anhui art museum.
9 am—5 pm, closed on mondays.
1 chengdu road, binhu new district, hefei, anhui province.
academy work
over 240 paintings, prints, sculptures and seal engravings (篆刻) are on show at the gallery of the china national academy of painting until july 8, offering a look of the works of academy artists all over the country. the exhibition shows works done in the traditional style and new explorations.
9 am—4:30 pm, closed on mondays.
54 xisanhuan beilu, haidian district, beijing.
1. what can you enjoy at the art museum of china profiles
a. lacquer art. b. oil paintings c. woodcuts. d. seal engravings.
2. in which museum can you learn about an ancient art of preserving objects
a. the anhui art museum. b. shanghai’s new art museum.
c. the art museum of china profiles. d. the china national academy of painting.
3. what is special about the exhibition held in beijing
a. it is not open to the public on mondays b. it compares two different cultural traditions.
c. it tells the story of a late artist. d. it shows works of academy artists across the country.
b
debra dolan was 21 and on her first trip alone when she first sent a postcard to herself. it was 1979, and dolan, who grew up in central canada, was visiting vancouver for the first time. she was immediately blown away by the city’s beauty.
although she was usually an enthusiastic diarist, dolan was swept up in the excitement of the trip, and found she barely had a free moment. “i thought, ‘i don’t have time to write in my journal.’ and i didn’t travel with a camera,” dolan said. “so when i went to vancouver island, or saw places in vancouver, i determined, ‘i’ll just send a postcard to myself.’”
on the back of each card, dolan wrote a paragraph or two about her impressions, thoughts and feelings, and then mailed it to her home address. some 10 days later, dolan returned home to a pile of postcards from herself. receiving them, said dolan, was “an absolute joy.”
“after i’d come to vancouver, i realized, ‘well, it’s easy to travel. and it’s easy to travel alone. i don’t have to be nervous about this,’” said dolan. so she decided exploring the world was her first priority. from there, dolan traveled on to australia. then she stayed on the road for months, traveling around the globe and writing postcards to herself.
over about forty years, 64-year-old dolan has sent hundreds of postcards to herself from trips across the world. amazingly, they’ve all arrived. “they really tell me about—not only where i’ve been, but who i was that day,” said dolan, who said looking over the postcard collection inspired her to reflect on “the experiences i’ve been able to have.”
for dolan, the postcards to herself capture (捕捉) a moment and help enjoy it. “those special moments in your life are uniquely yours. we may all see the same thing on our travels. but our experience of that day is all different,” said dolan.
4. what do the underlined words “blown away” in paragraph 1 probably mean
a. surrounded. b. attracted. c. connected. d. attached
5. what did dolan decide to do when seeing vancouver’s beauty
a. keep a diary. b. give up writing. c. take some photos. d. send herself a postcard.
6. how did the trip to vancouver affect dolan
a. it awakened her love for travel. b. it made her an enthusiastic diarist.
c. she was afraid of traveling alone. d. she never took a camera along.
7. what can we know from paragraph 5
a. some postcards failed to reach dolan. b. dolan stopped traveling due to her old age.
c. the postcards bring dolan many memories. d. dolan sent others postcards across the world.
c
when micro-plastics end up in farm fields, the pollution can damage plant growth. but two young researchers now report that combining fungi (真菌) with certain farm wastes can partly overcome that problem.
may shin, 20, and jiwon choi, 18, met in a research design class at the fryeburg academy, a high school in maine. may had desired to explore how micro-plastics might affect the ecosystem. jiwon was crazy about plants and fungi. the young scientists cooperated to test how long-lived plastics might affect farm crops.
scientists have shown certain fungi can aid root growth and a plant’s nutrient uptake. those organisms are named arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf). certain farm wastes, like straw, can provide nutrients to plants and help stabilize their roots. such wastes are also known as mushroom substrate (基质) and people often grow mushrooms in them.
may and jiwon planted over 2,000 scallion (大葱) seeds in pots of soil. half the seeds got soil polluted with micro-plastics. the rest grew in plastic-free soil. the plants then were further divided into four groups. the young scientists added amf to the soil in one group. another group had a top layer of mushroom substrate. a third group got both treatments. the last group got none. for three weeks, the pair tracked how many scallions sprouted (发芽) in each group and measured the plants’ height once each week.
about twice as many scallions sprouted in clean soil compared to that containing plastic bits. but among plants surviving in the polluted soil, a combination of amf and mushroom substrate helped them out. those getting both treatments grew 5.4 centimeters per week. that was faster than either of the treatments alone or those getting none.
jiwon and may then looked at the plant roots with a microscope. where amf had been added, it grew into those roots. that increased the scallion roots’ surface area, may said, which should promote their uptake of nutrients. so “i see this project as coming up with a sustainable solution for plant growth in polluted soils,” said may.
8. why did may and jiwon work together
a. to see the effects of long-lived plastics on farm crops.
b. to find the relationship between plants and fungi.
c. to design a research on the growth of plants.
d to explore the way that the ecosystem works.
9. what is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 3
a. to prove the existence of micro-plastics. b. to compare fungi with farm wastes.
c. to tell the advantages of farm wastes. d. to provide some related information.
10. what aspect of the study is the fourth paragraph mainly about
a. its purpose. b. its design. c. its findings. d. its reasons.
11. how can amf and mushroom substrate make plants grow faster
a. by keeping the plants more resistant to pollution. b. by allowing the plants’ deep area more freedom.
c. by making nutrients more available to the plants. d. by exposing the roots to a larger surface area.
d
with new advances in ai and autonomous driverless cars and trains, it makes sense that this mode of transportation could be expanded to buses, too. now a full-sized autonomous bus service is up and running in scotland. the buses began running in may, 2023, and are carrying passengers between ferrytoll park and the edinburgh park train and tram exchange. this 14-mile route is the first of its kind in the uk.
the autonomous buses are being operated by stagecoach, the largest coach operator in the uk. while the buses are autonomous, fully self-driving vehicles are not currently permitted in the uk so a driver has to be onboard at all times.
the vehicles are required to have a safety driver to monitor the technology and a bus captain that will help passengers board and purchase tickets. the driver can take control in case of an emergency situation. and the vehicles use sensors to travel on specific routes and can reach the top speed of 50 miles per hour.
it took almost 10 years of research and development to reach this milestone, which is considered the first full-size use of autonomous buses in europe. scottish transport minister, kevin stewart, said in a press release, “it’s really exciting to see the innovative and ambitious cavforth project take to the roads after all the hard work of the partner organizations involved in bringing this world first to scotland.” this project was one of six to receive funding from a joint uk government and industries undertaking to speed up the commercialization of self-driving technology, reported the guardian. the government hopes the autonomous buses will be faster and more reliable to use than conventional buses since 88% of road accidents are caused by drivers’ errors.
other countries in europe are exploring using driverless buses. there have already been short trials in several cities in italy, finland and france and there’re plans for driverless electric minibuses to be introduced in switzerland, germany and norway. an autonomous bus may be just around the corner in a city near you.
12. a driver is needed in an autonomous bus to ________.
a. monitor the route b. deal with emergencies
c. direct the bus d. help passengers buy tickets
13. what does the author indicate in paragraph 4
a. it is very easy to develop the driverless buses. b. the autonomous buses won’t cause accidents.
c. scotland becomes popular for the driverless buses. d. the uk government values the autonomous buses.
14. which of the following can best describe the future of autonomous buses
a. promising. b. hopeless. c. worrying. d. uncertain.
15. what could be a suitable title for the text
a. autonomous buses are widely used in the uk b. self-driving technology has been a hit
c. autonomous buses hit the road in the uk d. conventional buses are much safer
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
does the happiness of parents play a role in shaping the overall happiness of their children scientific studies have shed light on the far-reaching connection between parental happiness and the positive development of kids. it seems that parental happiness has an important influence on the emotional, social, and cognitive (认知的) development of children. ___16___ if they know their mental and emotional happiness has an impact on their children, perhaps it can motivate them to view it as part of being a good parent.
___17___ for example, they can join in activities that bring them joy and satisfaction. this could include hobbies, exercise, pursuing personal goals, or taking time for relaxation. when parents improve their own happiness, they can better support their children’s happiness.
another great idea is sharing experiences and creating many memories together. the idea is twofold. ___18___ at the same time, the shared experiences and showing their children how happy they are to do something they love can be incredibly valuable as well.
one of the main aspects of being happy parents is feeling comfortable, confident and able to be themselves, despite their new status and huge responsibility. honestly, when parents prioritize their own happiness, it has positive effects on the overall happiness of the family. ___19___
when parents put their own happiness first, they become role models for their kids. they see the importance of self-care, pursuing passions and maintaining healthy relationships. ___20___ so, parents should accept their uniqueness, enjoying life!
a. however, part of being responsible is being honest.
b. they are passing on some major life skills and attitudes.
c. they may lose a bit of their sense of self when caring for children.
d. parents can adopt practical ways to enhance their own happiness.
e. a joyful and harmonious family environment benefits everyone involved.
f. this can happen when parents prioritize their own happiness according to inc.
g. firstly, the parents continue to be themselves and do something they love.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
five days a week i go out for a run—a short and slow run. the only way i can ___21___ to it is to keep it a habit. it’s a spiritual approach to making exercise a habit.
we’re meant to treat the ___22___ with respect, doing all we can within our power to keep it ___23___ and serviceable.
i have a wild heart history. i have ___24___ heart surgery twice in my life. after each procedure, i signed up for cardiac rehab (心脏康复) where i worked with a nurse, a physical therapist (治疗专家) and got exercise three days a week, building back my ___25___ and my confidence.
the last time i wanted to ___26___ running, the nurse and therapist urged me on, for running is ___27___ for my body and my soul.
their ___28___ was a reminder: keep it up. ___29___ jogging up and down hills, i’m not out to ____30____ any races. recently, as i came up the hill running with a friend, a neighbor cried out, “you look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”
“you must really ____31____ to run,” people will say to me. love is a too ____32____ word. but i love to finish a run. that feels good.
the only way i can do it is make it a habit. sometimes i do it ____33____ in the morning. as the weather gets cold, i prefer going later in the day when i won’t ____34____. i can learn and grow while running.
good habits are, in turn, habit-forming. i find it ____35____ if i simply make it a rule, trying a spiritual approach to making running a habit.
21. a. stick b. add c. connect d. compare
22. a. planet b. body c. heart d. earth
23. a. healthy b. popular c. real d. comfortable
24. a. learned b. refused c. had d. dropped
25. a. power b. strength c. patience d. ability
26. a. call at b. rely on c. give up d. appeal to
27. a. basic b. simple c. tough d. good
28. a. encouragement b. check c. value d. sympathy
29. a. seriously b. steadily c. slowly d. independently
30. a. watch b. offer c. choose d. win
31. a. afford b. help c. love d. desire
32. a. rare b. strong c. common d. sensitive
33. a. unwillingly b. again c. eventually d. first
34 a. freeze b. fear c. hesitate d. comment
35. a. safest b. easiest c. hardest d. fullest
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
guan yu, an ancient general known for his loyalty and bravery in battles, has been widely worshipped (敬奉). the temple of guan yu in xiezhou, north china’s shanxi province, is the ___36___(large) one among countless temples worshipping the general across the country and also a major historical and cultural site protected at the national level.
in 2020, a research institute ___37___ studied the culture behind this folk belief in guan yu was founded in xiezhou, and eight graduate students were hired. this summer, researchers of ___38___ institute are compiling chronicles (编年史) for the temple, and studying the fine elements of traditional culture contained in the temple.
across the country, historical and cultural heritage sites are protected and studied to discover and learn about traditional chinese culture, amid the nation’s efforts ___39___(build) a modern chinese civilization. ___40___ total, there are 5,058 major historical and cultural sites protected at the national level. “___41___(witness) the long history and splendid culture of the chinese nation in the past years, the historical and cultural sites offer ___42___(we) rich ‘spiritual nutrients’ in the midst of building a modern chinese civilization,” said gao jiangtao, a research fellow with the chinese academy of social sciences.
in shanxi, with local protection work ___43___(trouble) due to understaffing, a project was started in 2022 to enroll a total of 600 students for a span of five years, ___44___(specific) for 117 localities across the province in need of protection professionals. these students will _____45_____(offer) general education on relics protection during college.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友chris将到你校交换学习一年，他来信向你询问与中国人交往的注意事项。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的建议；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
dear chris,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
yours,
li hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“she needs me.” those were the exact words i spoke to my husband when i spotted dottie, a little dog we found at a local shelter eight years ago.
dottie leaned (倾斜) away when i tried to pet her and refused to let me hold her. while the other dogs jumped and barked, dottie returned to the back of the cage, curled up in a ball, hoping us to leave her alone.
on the entire drive home dottie was in fear. so, upon arrival at our house, we got right to work. i held her as much as possible, touching her head and softly singing in her ear. we learned that she loved belly touch, so every time we passed by, we would offer a gentle touch. eventually, we noticed her presenting her belly as we walked by her. i knew we were making real progress when i found her quietly sleeping on a chair one day, her head resting on one of my shoes. my heart melted (融化) as i realized she had brought it there because it contained my smell, and she wanted it nearby.
ever so slowly, our little dog came to life. she began to play with toys, enjoy walks, and rest on our laps. there was no special treatment, no fancy food or toys. all we did was love her. and she grew well. she was so broken when we first met her that we had no idea what her true personality would be. but now we found a sweet, playful, loving soul.
one day, a few years after her adoption, i was busy doing housework around the house, doing laundry and climbing the stairs from the basement up to the main floor. when i finished, i sat down and enjoyed a well-deserved break. that’s when i realized i hadn’t seen dottie for a while. i called to her and began searching. my heart raced and my pace quickened as i began checking under beds and behind sofa.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
suddenly, i remembered the door to the basement.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
i held her in my arms tightly, telling her how sorry i was.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高三英语
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后。你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：how much is the shit
a. 19.15 b. 9.18 c. 9.15.
答案是c。
1. how much does a two-hour guitar lesson cost
a. $15. b. $50. c. $100.
2. what is the woman going to do this afternoon
a. see a cartoon. b. buy a skateboard c. meet her mom.
3. what are the speakers mainly talking about
a some music. b. a new instrument. c. a school concert.
4. which aspect of the position appeals to the woman
a. its free working time. b. the good salary. c. its less responsibility.
5. what does the man ask the woman to do
a. do some housework. b. play tennis. c. walk home.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. what do we know about the woman in the car
a. she is safe and sound. b. she can get out of the car. c. she is badly wounded.
7. why does the man need to stay away from the car
a. for his own safety. b. for staying on the line. c. for the better rescue.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. what is the man satisfied with about the new sofa
a. its color. b. its style. c. its size.
9. what does the woman suggest
a. buying a cheaper one. b. waiting for a sale. c. considering the brown one.
10. where does the conversation probably take place
a. at home. b. in the street. c. in a store.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. when does the woman want the taxi to pick her ap firstly
a. around 6:30. b. around 8:00. c. around 9:30
12. what does the woman expect the man to do in the end
a. wake her up at 5:00 b. give her a wake-up call. c. see her off at the airport.
13. what is the probable relationship between the speakers
a. receptionist and customer. b. driver and passenger. c. mother and son.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. why will the man go to montreal
a. to attend a friend’s wedding. b. to learn about quebec city. c. to visit st. lawrence river.
15. what does the woman say about montreal
a. it’s the capital. b. it’s the biggest city in quebec. c. it’s the most beautiful city.
16. what are some buildings in quebec city like
a. they will disappear. b. they are under repair. c. they are in ancient style.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. how many reasons does barry take to the parent agency
a. 5. b. 9. c. 10.
18. what will barry do with his new parents
a. do his homework. b. have birthday parties. c. eat many vegetables.
19. how does the speaker feel about the book
a. interesting. b. realistic. c. serious.
20. what is the speaker doing
a. recommending a book. b. telling a story. c. talking about his dream parents.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。
a
what’s on
master’s teens
forceful cuts, now running at the art museum of china profiles, through to sept 17, shows the late artist huang yongyu’s efforts in woodcut art. his woodcuts show a good assessment of human nature, with wisdom and humor. huang once said he lived every day in the same serious way as he worked on wood, “paying great attention to every cut”.
9 am—5 pm, closed on mondays.
66 shapowei, daxue road, siming district, xiamen, fujian province.
art into soul
two artists xu li and andrey kovalchuk are presenting an exhibition at shanghai’s new art museum, through to july 30. xu is showing dozens of his oil paintings. kovalchuk, who chairs the russian artists association, brings 24 sculptures. the show compares the cultural traditions and individual concerns of the two cultures.
9 am—5 pm, closed on mondays.
1528 gumei road, shanghai.
eternal glare
the use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects, such as bowls, and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the neolithic culture in china. throughout centuries, lacquer art has been viewed as an important part of hubei’s cultural heritage (遗产). dozens of fine examples of this art from the collection of the hubei museum of art are now on show at world of lacquer, an exhibition running through to july 30, at the anhui art museum.
9 am—5 pm, closed on mondays.
1 chengdu road, binhu new district, hefei, anhui province.
academy work
over 240 paintings, prints, sculptures and seal engravings (篆刻) are on show at the gallery of the china national academy of painting until july 8, offering a look of the works of academy artists all over the country. the exhibition shows works done in the traditional style and new explorations.
9 am—4:30 pm, closed on mondays.
54 xisanhuan beilu, haidian district, beijing.
1. what can you enjoy at the art museum of china profiles
a. lacquer art. b. oil paintings c. woodcuts. d. seal engravings.
2. in which museum can you learn about an ancient art of preserving objects
a. the anhui art museum. b. shanghai’s new art museum.
c. the art museum of china profiles. d. the china national academy of painting.
3. what is special about the exhibition held in beijing
a. it is not open to the public on mondays b. it compares two different cultural traditions.
c it tells the story of a late artist. d. it shows works of academy artists across the country.
【答案】1. c 2. a 3. d
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个艺术博物馆的展出内容以及相关的信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据master’s teens中“forceful cuts, now running at the art museum of china profiles, through to sept 17, shows the late artist huang yongyu’s efforts in woodcut art. his woodcuts show a good assessment of human nature, with wisdom and humor.”（“有力的切割”将在中国艺术博物馆展出，展览将持续到9月17日，展示已故艺术家黄永玉在木刻艺术方面的努力。他的木刻表现出对人性的良好评价，充满智慧和幽默。）可知，你能在中国艺术博物馆欣赏到木刻艺术。故选c项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据eternal glare中“the use of raw lacquer (生漆) to better preserve objects, such as bowls, and meanwhile decorate life can date back to the neolithic culture in china.”（生漆的使用可以更好地保存物品，如碗，同时装饰生活，这可以追溯到中国的新石器文化。）以及“dozens of fine examples of this art from the collection of the hubei museum of art are now on show at world of lacquer, an exhibition running through to july 30, at the anhui art museum.”（湖北美术馆收藏的数十件精品正在安徽美术馆的“漆器世界”展览中展出，该展览将持续到7月30日。）可知，在安徽美术馆你能了解到保存文物的古老艺术。故选a项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据academy work中“over 240 paintings, prints, sculptures and seal engravings are on show at the gallery of the china national academy of painting until july 8, offering a look of the works of academy artists all over the country.”（截至7月8日，中国国家画院画廊将展出240多幅油画、版画、雕塑和篆刻作品，展示全国各地学院艺术家的作品。）以及“54 xisanhuan beilu, haidian district, beijing.”（北京市海淀区西三环北路54号）可知，在北京举办的展览会展示了全国各地学院艺术家的作品。故选d项。
b
debra dolan was 21 and on her first trip alone when she first sent a postcard to herself. it was 1979, and dolan, who grew up in central canada, was visiting vancouver for the first time. she was immediately blown away by the city’s beauty.
although she was usually an enthusiastic diarist, dolan was swept up in the excitement of the trip, and found she barely had a free moment. “i thought, ‘i don’t have time to write in my journal.’ and i didn’t travel with a camera,” dolan said. “so when i went to vancouver island, or saw places in vancouver, i determined, ‘i’ll just send a postcard to myself.’”
on the back of each card, dolan wrote a paragraph or two about her impressions, thoughts and feelings, and then mailed it to her home address. some 10 days later, dolan returned home to a pile of postcards from herself. receiving them, said dolan, was “an absolute joy.”
“after i’d come to vancouver, i realized, ‘well, it’s easy to travel. and it’s easy to travel alone. i don’t have to be nervous about this,’” said dolan. so she decided exploring the world was her first priority. from there, dolan traveled on to australia. then she stayed on the road for months, traveling around the globe and writing postcards to herself.
over about forty years, 64-year-old dolan has sent hundreds of postcards to herself from trips across the world. amazingly, they’ve all arrived. “they really tell me about—not only where i’ve been, but who i was that day,” said dolan, who said looking over the postcard collection inspired her to reflect on “the experiences i’ve been able to have.”
for dolan, the postcards to herself capture (捕捉) a moment and help enjoy it. “those special moments in your life are uniquely yours. we may all see the same thing on our travels. but our experience of that day is all different,” said dolan.
4. what do the underlined words “blown away” in paragraph 1 probably mean
a. surrounded. b. attracted. c. connected. d. attached
5. what did dolan decide to do when seeing vancouver’s beauty
a. keep a diary. b. give up writing. c. take some photos. d. send herself a postcard.
6. how did the trip to vancouver affect dolan
a. it awakened her love for travel. b. it made her an enthusiastic diarist.
c. she was afraid of traveling alone. d. she never took a camera along.
7. what can we know from paragraph 5
a. some postcards failed to reach dolan. b. dolan stopped traveling due to her old age.
c. the postcards bring dolan many memories. d. dolan sent others postcards across the world.
【答案】4. b 5. d 6. a 7. c
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公黛布拉·多兰一生的旅行经历和感受。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“it was 1979, and dolan, who grew up in central canada, was visiting vancouver for the first time.”（那是1979年，在加拿大中部长大的多兰第一次来温哥华。）引出话题，提到旅行。以及第二段中“although she was usually an enthusiastic diarist, dolan was swept up in the excitement of the trip, and found she barely had a free moment.”（虽然多兰通常是一位热情的日记作者，但她却沉浸在旅行的兴奋之中，发现自己几乎没有空闲时间。）由此可知，她立刻被这座城市的美景迷住了。故可猜测划线短语blown away为“迷住，吸引”的意思，结合选项，b项attracted.“吸引”意思一致。故选b项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““i thought, ‘i don’t have time to write in my journal.’ and i didn’t travel with a camera,” dolan said. “so when i went to vancouver island, or saw places in vancouver, i determined, ‘i’ll just send a postcard to myself.’””（“我想，‘我没有时间写日记。’而且我没有带着相机旅行，”多兰说。“所以当我去温哥华岛，或者参观温哥华的地方时，我决定，‘我要给自己寄张明信片。’”）可知，当多兰看到温哥华的美景时，她决定给自己寄张明信片。故选d项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“so she decided exploring the world was her first priority. from there, dolan traveled on to australia. then she stayed on the road for months, traveling around the globe and writing postcards to herself.”（所以她决定把探索世界作为她的首要任务。从那里，多兰前往澳大利亚。然后她在路上呆了几个月，周游世界，给自己写明信片。）可知，温哥华之行唤醒了多兰对旅行的热爱。故选a项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“over about forty years, 64-year-old dolan has sent hundreds of postcards to herself from trips across the world. amazingly, they’ve all arrived. “they really tell me about—not only where i’ve been, but who i was that day,” said dolan, who said looking over the postcard collection inspired her to reflect on “the experiences i’ve been able to have.””（在大约40年的时间里，64岁的多兰在世界各地旅行时给自己寄了数百张明信片。令人惊讶的是，它们都到了。多兰说：“它们不仅告诉我去过哪里，而且告诉我那天我是谁。”多兰说，看着这些明信片集，她开始反思“我所能拥有的经历”。）可知，从第5段我们可以知道这些明信片给多兰带来了许多回忆。故选c项。
c
when micro-plastics end up in farm fields, the pollution can damage plant growth. but two young researchers now report that combining fungi (真菌) with certain farm wastes can partly overcome that problem.
may shin, 20, and jiwon choi, 18, met in a research design class at the fryeburg academy, a high school in maine. may had desired to explore how micro-plastics might affect the ecosystem. jiwon was crazy about plants and fungi. the young scientists cooperated to test how long-lived plastics might affect farm crops.
scientists have shown certain fungi can aid root growth and a plant’s nutrient uptake. those organisms are named arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf). certain farm wastes, like straw, can provide nutrients to plants and help stabilize their roots. such wastes are also known as mushroom substrate (基质) and people often grow mushrooms in them.
may and jiwon planted over 2,000 scallion (大葱) seeds in pots of soil. half the seeds got soil polluted with micro-plastics. the rest grew in plastic-free soil. the plants then were further divided into four groups. the young scientists added amf to the soil in one group. another group had a top layer of mushroom substrate. a third group got both treatments. the last group got none. for three weeks, the pair tracked how many scallions sprouted (发芽) in each group and measured the plants’ height once each week.
about twice as many scallions sprouted in clean soil compared to that containing plastic bits. but among plants surviving in the polluted soil, a combination of amf and mushroom substrate helped them out. those getting both treatments grew 5.4 centimeters per week. that was faster than either of the treatments alone or those getting none.
jiwon and may then looked at the plant roots with a microscope. where amf had been added, it grew into those roots. that increased the scallion roots’ surface area, may said, which should promote their uptake of nutrients. so “i see this project as coming up with a sustainable solution for plant growth in polluted soils,” said may.
8. why did may and jiwon work together
a. to see the effects of long-lived plastics on farm crops.
b. to find the relationship between plants and fungi.
c. to design a research on the growth of plants.
d. to explore the way that the ecosystem works.
9. what is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 3
a. to prove the existence of micro-plastics. b. to compare fungi with farm wastes.
c. to tell the advantages of farm wastes. d. to provide some related information.
10. what aspect of the study is the fourth paragraph mainly about
a. its purpose. b. its design. c. its findings. d. its reasons.
11. how can amf and mushroom substrate make plants grow faster
a. by keeping the plants more resistant to pollution. b. by allowing the plants’ deep area more freedom.
c. by making nutrients more available to the plants. d. by exposing the roots to a larger surface area.
【答案】8. a 9. d 10. b 11. d
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当微塑料最终进入农田时，污染会损害植物生长。然而，两位年轻的研究人员现在报告说，将真菌与某些农场废物结合起来可以部分克服这个问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“may had desired to explore how micro-plastics might affect the ecosystem. jiwon was crazy about plants and fungi. the young scientists cooperated to test how long-lived plastics might affect farm crops.”（may希望探索微塑料如何影响生态系统。jiwon痴迷于植物和真菌。这两个年轻的科学家合作测试了塑料对农作物的长期影响。）可知，may和智元在一起工作是因为想观察长寿命的塑料制品对农作物的影响。故选a项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“scientists have shown certain fungi can aid root growth and a plant’s nutrient uptake. those organisms are named arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf). certain farm wastes, like straw, can provide nutrients to plants and help stabilize their roots. such wastes are also known as mushroom substrate (基质) and people often grow mushrooms in them.”（科学家们已经证明，某些真菌可以帮助根系生长和植物的营养吸收。这些生物被命名为丛枝菌根真菌(amf)。某些农场废物，如稻草，可以为植物提供营养，帮助稳定它们的根。这些废物也被称为蘑菇基质，人们经常在其中种植蘑菇。）可推知，作者写第3段的目的是提供一些相关信息。故选d项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“may and jiwon planted over 2,000 scallion (大葱) seeds in pots of soil. half the seeds got soil polluted with micro-plastics. the rest grew in plastic-free soil. the plants then were further divided into four groups. the young scientists added amf to the soil in one group. another group had a top layer of mushroom substrate. a third group got both treatments. the last group got none. for three weeks, the pair tracked how many scallions sprouted (发芽) in each group and measured the plants’ height once each week.”（may和jiwon在花盆里种了2000多颗葱籽。一半的种子被微塑料污染了。其余的在无塑料土壤中生长。然后将这些植物进一步分为四组。年轻的科学家们在一组土壤中添加了amf。另一组的表层是蘑菇基质。第三组同时接受两种实验方法。最后一组没有。在三周的时间里，这对科学家追踪了每一组中发芽的葱的数量，并每周测量一次植物的高度。）可推知，第四段主要讲的是研究设计方面的内容。故选b项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“jiwon and may then looked at the plant roots with a microscope. where amf had been added, it grew into those roots. that increased the scallion roots’ surface area, may said, which should promote their uptake of nutrients.”（jiwon和may用显微镜观察了植物的根。在加入amf的地方，它就会长成这些根。may说，这增加了葱根的表面积，这应该会促进它们对营养的吸收。）可知，amf和蘑菇基质是通过将根暴露到更大的表面积从而使植物生长得更快。故选d项。
d
with new advances in ai and autonomous driverless cars and trains, it makes sense that this mode of transportation could be expanded to buses, too. now a full-sized autonomous bus service is up and running in scotland. the buses began running in may, 2023, and are carrying passengers between ferrytoll park and the edinburgh park train and tram exchange. this 14-mile route is the first of its kind in the uk.
the autonomous buses are being operated by stagecoach, the largest coach operator in the uk. while the buses are autonomous, fully self-driving vehicles are not currently permitted in the uk so a driver has to be onboard at all times.
the vehicles are required to have a safety driver to monitor the technology and a bus captain that will help passengers board and purchase tickets. the driver can take control in case of an emergency situation. and the vehicles use sensors to travel on specific routes and can reach the top speed of 50 miles per hour.
it took almost 10 years of research and development to reach this milestone, which is considered the first full-size use of autonomous buses in europe. scottish transport minister, kevin stewart, said in a press release, “it’s really exciting to see the innovative and ambitious cavforth project take to the roads after all the hard work of the partner organizations involved in bringing this world first to scotland.” this project was one of six to receive funding from a joint uk government and industries undertaking to speed up the commercialization of self-driving technology, reported the guardian. the government hopes the autonomous buses will be faster and more reliable to use than conventional buses since 88% of road accidents are caused by drivers’ errors.
other countries in europe are exploring using driverless buses. there have already been short trials in several cities in italy, finland and france and there’re plans for driverless electric minibuses to be introduced in switzerland, germany and norway. an autonomous bus may be just around the corner in a city near you.
12. a driver is needed in an autonomous bus to ________.
a. monitor the route b. deal with emergencies
c. direct the bus d. help passengers buy tickets
13. what does the author indicate in paragraph 4
a. it is very easy to develop the driverless buses. b. the autonomous buses won’t cause accidents.
c. scotland becomes popular for the driverless buses. d. the uk government values the autonomous buses.
14. which of the following can best describe the future of autonomous buses
a. promising. b. hopeless. c. worrying. d. uncertain.
15. what could be a suitable title for the text
a. autonomous buses are widely used in the uk b. self-driving technology has been a hit
c. autonomous buses hit the road in the uk d. conventional buses are much safer
【答案】12. b 13. d 14. a 15. c
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种全尺寸的自动驾驶巴士服务已经在苏格兰投入使用。这些巴士于2023年5月开始运行，在费里托尔公园和爱丁堡公园的火车和电车交换站之间运送乘客。这条长达14英里的路线是英国首条此类路线。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“the vehicles are required to have a safety driver to monitor the technology and a bus captain that will help passengers board and purchase tickets. the driver can take control in case of an emergency situation.”（这些车辆需要配备一名安全驾驶员来监控这项技术，并配备一名巴士队长来帮助乘客上车和购票。在紧急情况下，司机可以控制车辆。）可知，自动驾驶巴士需要司机来处理紧急情况。故选b项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“this project was one of six to receive funding from a joint uk government and industries undertaking to speed up the commercialization of self-driving technology, reported the guardian. the government hopes the autonomous buses will be faster and more reliable to use than conventional buses since 88% of road accidents are caused by drivers’ errors.”（据《卫报》报道，该项目是英国政府和工业界联合资助的六个项目之一，旨在加快自动驾驶技术的商业化。由于88%的交通事故是由司机的失误造成的，政府希望自动驾驶公交车比传统公交车更快、更可靠。）可推知，英国政府重视自动驾驶公交车。故选d项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“other countries in europe are exploring using driverless buses. there have already been short trials in several cities in italy, finland and france and there’re plans for driverless electric minibuses to be introduced in switzerland, germany and norway. an autonomous bus may be just around the corner in a city near you.”（欧洲其他国家也在探索使用无人驾驶公交车。意大利、芬兰和法国的几个城市已经进行了短期试验，瑞士、德国和挪威也计划推出无人驾驶电动小巴。自动驾驶巴士可能就在你附近的某个城市的拐角处。）可推知，自动驾驶公交车的未来是很有希望的。故选a项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“now a full-sized autonomous bus service is up and running in scotland. the buses began running in may, 2023, and are carrying passengers between ferrytoll park and the edinburgh park train and tram exchange. this 14-mile route is the first of its kind in the uk.”（现在，一种全尺寸的自动驾驶巴士服务已经在苏格兰投入使用。这些巴士于2023年5月开始运行，在费里托尔公园和爱丁堡公园的火车和电车交换站之间运送乘客。这条长达14英里的路线是英国首条此类路线。）可知，文章主要讲的是一种全尺寸的自动驾驶巴士服务已经在苏格兰投入使用。这些巴士于2023年5月开始运行，在费里托尔公园和爱丁堡公园的火车和电车交换站之间运送乘客。故文章最适合的标题是“自动驾驶公交车在英国上路”。故选c项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
does the happiness of parents play a role in shaping the overall happiness of their children scientific studies have shed light on the far-reaching connection between parental happiness and the positive development of kids. it seems that parental happiness has an important influence on the emotional, social, and cognitive (认知的) development of children. ___16___ if they know their mental and emotional happiness has an impact on their children, perhaps it can motivate them to view it as part of being a good parent.
___17___ for example, they can join in activities that bring them joy and satisfaction. this could include hobbies, exercise, pursuing personal goals, or taking time for relaxation. when parents improve their own happiness, they can better support their children’s happiness.
another great idea is sharing experiences and creating many memories together. the idea is twofold. ___18___ at the same time, the shared experiences and showing their children how happy they are to do something they love can be incredibly valuable as well.
one of the main aspects of being happy parents is feeling comfortable, confident and able to be themselves, despite their new status and huge responsibility. honestly, when parents prioritize their own happiness, it has positive effects on the overall happiness of the family. ___19___
when parents put their own happiness first, they become role models for their kids. they see the importance of self-care, pursuing passions and maintaining healthy relationships. ___20___ so, parents should accept their uniqueness, enjoying life!
a. however, part of being responsible is being honest.
b. they are passing on some major life skills and attitudes.
c. they may lose a bit of their sense of self when caring for children.
d. parents can adopt practical ways to enhance their own happiness.
e. a joyful and harmonious family environment benefits everyone involved.
f. this can happen when parents prioritize their own happiness according to inc.
g. firstly, the parents continue to be themselves and do something they love.
【答案】16. f 17. d 18. g 19. e 20. b
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了科学研究揭示父母的幸福和孩子的积极发展之间的深远联系，父母的幸福似乎对孩子的情感、社交和认知发展有着重要的影响。
【16题详解】
上文“it seems that parental happiness has an important influence on the emotional, social, and cognitive (认知的) development of children.”（父母的幸福似乎对孩子的情感、社交和认知发展有着重要的影响。）讲的是父母的幸福对孩子的影响，以及下文“if they know their mental and emotional happiness has an impact on their children, perhaps it can motivate them to view it as part of being a good parent.”（如果他们知道他们的精神和情感上的幸福对他们的孩子有影响，也许这可以激励他们把它看作是一个好父母的一部分。）介绍具体的某一个方面的影响，f项this can happen when parents prioritize their own happiness according to inc.（根据inc的说法，当父母优先考虑自己的幸福时，这种情况就会发生。）承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选f项。
【17题详解】
下文“for example, they can join in activities that bring them joy and satisfaction.”（例如，他们可以参加给他们带来快乐和满足的活动。）举例讲参加快乐和满足的活动。由此可推知，空格处应为父母可以通过行动来提升幸福感。d项parents can adopt practical ways to enhance their own happiness.（父母可以采取切实可行的方法来提高自己的幸福感。）符合此推断，下文是对空格处内容的具体解释。故选d项。
【18题详解】
上文“the idea is twofold.”（这个想法是双重的。）提到两种主意。以及下文“at the same time, the shared experiences and showing their children how happy they are to do something they love can be incredibly valuable as well.”（与此同时，分享经验并向孩子展示他们做自己喜欢的事情是多么快乐也是非常有价值的。）讲的是另外一种主意。由此可推断出空格处内容为其中之一的想法或主意。g项firstly, the parents continue to be themselves and do something they love.（首先，父母继续做自己，做自己喜欢的事情。）为一方面的想法和主意，上下文语意连贯。故选g项。
【19题详解】
由该空格处位于该段句尾可知，为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“one of the main aspects of being happy parents is feeling comfortable, confident and able to be themselves, despite their new status and huge responsibility. honestly, when parents prioritize their own happiness, it has positive effects on the overall happiness of the family.”（成为快乐父母的一个主要方面是感到舒适、自信、能够做自己，尽管他们有新身份和巨大的责任。老实说，当父母优先考虑自己的幸福时，它对家庭的整体幸福有积极的影响。）讲的是父母优先考虑自己的幸福时，对家庭的整体幸福有积极的影响。e项a joyful and harmonious family environment benefits everyone involved.（一个快乐和谐的家庭环境使每个人都受益。）和上文内容相关，为总结该段内容，上下文语意连贯。故选e项。
【20题详解】
上文“when parents put their own happiness first, they become role models for their kids. they see the importance of self-care, pursuing passions and maintaining healthy relationships.”（当父母把自己的幸福放在第一位时，他们就会成为孩子们的榜样。他们看到了自我照顾、追求激情和维持健康关系的重要性。）讲的是父母成为孩子们的榜样，看到了自我照顾技能等生活态度。b项they are passing on some major life skills and attitudes.（他们正在传授一些重要的生活技能和态度。）和上文内容意思一致，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选b项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
five days a week i go out for a run—a short and slow run. the only way i can ___21___ to it is to keep it a habit. it’s a spiritual approach to making exercise a habit.
we’re meant to treat the ___22___ with respect doing all we can within our power to keep it ___23___ and serviceable.
i have a wild heart history. i have ___24___ heart surgery twice in my life. after each procedure, i signed up for cardiac rehab (心脏康复) where i worked with a nurse, a physical therapist (治疗专家) and got exercise three days a week, building back my ___25___ and my confidence.
the last time i wanted to ___26___ running, the nurse and therapist urged me on, for running is ___27___ for my body and my soul.
their ___28___ was a reminder: keep it up. ___29___ jogging up and down hills, i’m not out to ____30____ any races. recently, as i came up the hill running with a friend, a neighbor cried out, “you look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”
“you must really ____31____ to run,” people will say to me. love is a too ____32____ word. but i love to finish a run. that feels good.
the only way i can do it is make it a habit. sometimes i do it ____33____ in the morning. as the weather gets cold, i prefer going later in the day when i won’t ____34____. i can learn and grow while running.
good habits are, in turn, habit-forming. i find it ____35____ if i simply make it a rule, trying a spiritual approach to making running a habit.
21. a. stick b. add c. connect d. compare
22. a. planet b. body c. heart d. earth
23. a. healthy b. popular c. real d. comfortable
24. a. learned b. refused c. had d. dropped
25. a. power b. strength c. patience d. ability
26. a. call at b. rely on c. give up d. appeal to
27. a. basic b. simple c. tough d. good
28. a. encouragement b. check c. value d. sympathy
29. a. seriously b. steadily c. slowly d. independently
30. a. watch b. offer c. choose d. win
31. a. afford b. help c. love d. desire
32. a. rare b. strong c. common d. sensitive
33. a. unwillingly b. again c. eventually d. first
34. a. freeze b. fear c. hesitate d. comment
35. a. safest b. easiest c. hardest d. fullest
【答案】21. a 22. b 23. a 24. c 25. b 26. c 27. b 28. a 29. c 30. d 31. c 32. b 33. a 34. a 35. b
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过讲述自己跑步锻炼的经历，阐述让跑步成为习惯是最简单的能够坚持下去的方式。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能坚持下去的唯一方法就是把它作为一种习惯。a. stick坚持；b. add增加；c. connect联系；d. compare比较。根据下文“the only way i can do it is make it a habit.”可知，作者能够坚持跑步使用的方法是让它成为习惯。stick to“坚持”。故选a。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该尊重身体，尽我们所能保持它的健康和可用性。a. planet 星球；b. body身体；c. heart心脏；d. earth地球。根据下文“running is ___7___ for my body and my soul.”和作者跑步锻炼身体可知，此处作者说的是我们的身体。故选b。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们应该尊重身体，尽我们所能保持它的健康和可用性。a. healthy健康的；b. popular受欢迎的；c. real真实的；d. comfortable舒适的。根据下文“serviceable”和作者跑步锻炼可知，跑步是为身体健康。故选a。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一生中做过两次心脏手术。a. learned学习；b. refused拒绝；c. had做；d. 掉下。根据下文“i signed up for cardiac rehab (心脏康复)”可知，作者做过两次心脏手术。have heart surgery“接受心脏外科手术”。故选c。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次手术后，我都报名参加心脏康复治疗，在那里我和一名护士、一名理疗师一起协作，每周锻炼三天，恢复我的体力和信心。a. power 权力；b. strength体力；力量；c. patience耐心；d. ability 能力。根据上文“got exercise three days a week, building back”并结合常识可知，作者手术后参加心脏康复锻炼是为了恢复体力，是故选b。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：上次我想放弃跑步的时候，护士和治疗师都劝我坚持下去，因为跑步对我的身体和心灵都有好处。a. call at顺便拜访；b. rely on依靠；c. give up放弃；d. appeal to吸引。根据下文“the nurse and therapist urged me on”可知，作者想要放弃跑步，护士和治疗师劝他坚持。故选c。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上次我想放弃跑步的时候，护士和治疗师都劝我坚持下去，因为跑步对我的身体和心灵都有好处。a. basic 基本的；b. simple简单的；c. tough 困难的；d. good 好的。根据上文“the nurse and therapist urged me on”可知，护士和治疗师劝说作者坚持跑步，说明跑步对作者有好处。故选b。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们鼓励是一种提醒：坚持下去。a. encouragement 鼓励；b. check 检查；c. value价值；sympathy 同情。根据上文“the nurse and therapist urged me on”和下文“a reminder: keep it up”可知，护士和治疗给于作者鼓励。故选a。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地在小山上来来回回地慢跑，我出去不是为了赢得任何比赛。a. seriously 严重地；b. steadily 逐渐地；稳步地；c. slowly慢慢地；d. independently 独立地。根据下文“you look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”可知，作者跑得很慢。故选c。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地在小山上来来回回地慢跑，我出去不是为了赢得任何比赛。a. watch 看；b. offer 提供；c. choose 选择；d. win 赢得。根据上文“running is ___7___ for my body and my soul”和下文“you look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”可知，作者慢慢地跑步，是为了身体健康，不是为了赢得比赛。故选d。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你一定很爱跑步，”人们会对我说。a. afford 买得起；b. help 帮助；c. love 爱；d. desire 需要。根据下文的“love”和“but i love to finish a run.”可知，人们认为作者真的爱跑步。故选c。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爱这个词太强烈了。a. rare 稀少的；b. strong 强烈的；c. common 共同的；d. sensitive 敏感的。根据下文“but i love to finish a run. that feels good.”可知，作者感觉爱这次意义太强烈，但是作者喜欢跑步，那让他感觉很好。故选b。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时候我不愿意在早晨跑步。a. unwillingly不愿意地；b. again 再；又；c. eventually 最终；最后；d. first 最初。根据下文“i prefer going later in the day”可知，作者有时候不愿意早晨跑步。故选a。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：天气变冷了，我宁愿晚一点去，这样我就不会冻僵了。a. freeze 感到很冷；冻僵；b. fear 恐惧；c. hesitate 犹豫；d. comment 评论。根据下文“as the weather gets cold”可知，天气变冷了，作者晚些时候出去以免挨冻。故选a。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现最简单的方法就是把跑步当成一种习惯，尝试让跑步成为一种习惯的精神方式。a. safest 最安全的；b. easiest 最容易的；c. hardest 最努力的；d. fullest最满的。根据上文“good habits are, in turn, habit-forming.”和上文内容可知，作者认为尝试让跑步成为习惯是最简单的方法。故选b。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
guan yu, an ancient general known for his loyalty and bravery in battles, has been widely worshipped (敬奉). the temple of guan yu in xiezhou, north china’s shanxi province, is the ___36___(large) one among countless temples worshipping the general across the country and also a major historical and cultural site protected at the national level.
in 2020, a research institute ___37___ studied the culture behind this folk belief in guan yu was founded in xiezhou, and eight graduate students were hired. this summer, researchers of ___38___ institute are compiling chronicles (编年史) for the temple, and studying the fine elements of traditional culture contained in the temple.
across the country, historical and cultural heritage sites are protected and studied to discover and learn about traditional chinese culture, amid the nation’s efforts ___39___(build) a modern chinese civilization. ___40___ total, there are 5,058 major historical and cultural sites protected at the national level. “___41___(witness) the long history and splendid culture of the chinese nation in the past years, the historical and cultural sites offer ___42___(we) rich ‘spiritual nutrients’ in the midst of building a modern chinese civilization,” said gao jiangtao, a research fellow with the chinese academy of social sciences.
in shanxi, with local protection work ___43___(trouble) due to understaffing, a project was started in 2022 to enroll a total of 600 students for a span of five years, ___44___(specific) for 117 localities across the province in need of protection professionals. these students will _____45_____(offer) general education on relics protection during college.
【答案】36. largest
37. which##that
38. the 39. to build
40. in 41. witnessing
42 us 43. troubled
44. specifically
45. be offered
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于山西省谢州的关羽庙，这是全国众多关羽庙中最大的一座，正在得到保护和研究。
【36题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：关羽庙位于中国北部山西省谢州，是全国无数供奉这位将帅的寺庙中最大的一座，也是国家级重要的历史文化保护遗址。根据one among countless temples以及空前定冠词the可推知，此处表示“最大的”一座，应用形容词最高级largest。故填largest。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2020年，谢州成立了一个研究民间关羽信仰背后文化的研究所，并聘请了8名研究生。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a research institute，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that作引导词。故填which/that。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年夏天，该研究所的研究人员正在为寺庙编年史，并研究寺庙中包含的传统文化精华。根据上文提到的a research institute可知，此处特指上文的这个“研究所”，应用the定冠词修饰。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在全国范围内，保护和研究历史文化遗产的目的是发现和学习中华传统文化，这是国家建设现代中华文明的努力之一。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词中的动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰efforts，the efforts to do“做出……的努力”为惯用表达。故填to build。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：全国重点文物保护单位共计达5058处。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语in total，意为“共计，总共”，且空处位于句首，in的首字母需大写。故填in。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些历史文化遗址见证了中华民族过去多年的悠久历史和灿烂文化，在建设现代中华文明的过程中，为我们提供了丰富的“精神养分”。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，witness和逻辑主语the historical and cultural sites为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填witnessing。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：这些历史文化遗址见证了中华民族过去多年的悠久历史和灿烂文化，在建设现代中华文明的过程中，为我们提供了丰富的“精神养分”。由空前offer为谓语动词可知，此处应用代词宾格形式，构成动词短语offer sb sth“提供某物给某人”。故填us。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在山西，由于人手不足，当地的保护工作遇到了麻烦，2022年启动了一个项目，共招收600名学生，为期五年，专门为全省117个需要保护专业人员的地方招收。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，动词trouble应为非谓语形式，trouble与protection work逻辑上是被动关系，所以用trouble的过去分词形式。故填troubled。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：在山西，由于人手不足，当地的保护工作遇到了麻烦，2022年启动了一个项目，共招收600名学生，为期五年，专门为全省117个需要保护专业人员的地方招收。分析句子可知，此处为副词specifically作状语，修饰后面介词短语。故填specifically。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：这些学生将在大学期间接受文物保护方面的通识教育。分析句子可知，空处为谓语动词，offer和主语students之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，结合空前will可知，空处应为be done形式。故填be offered。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友chris将到你校交换学习一年，他来信向你询问与中国人交往的注意事项。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的建议；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
dear chris,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
yours,
li hua
【答案】dear chris,
how is everything with you i’m glad to know you will study in our school as an exchange student for one year.
i’m writing to introduce the precautions of communicating with chinese people. i’d like to suggest what preparations you have to make. first, it would be nice to read some books on chinese cultures. second, it couldn’t be better if you learn to use chopsticks, which makes you feel at ease when enjoying chinese cuisines. by the way, if you practice some everyday greeting expressions, you’ll feel more comfortable during your stay in china.
hope my proposals could be helpful.
yours,
li hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友chris将到你校交换学习一年，他来信向你询问与中国人交往的注意事项。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.你的建议；2.说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→happy
介绍：introduce→recommend
舒适的：comfortable→easeful
有帮助的：helpful→ beneficial
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： first, it would be nice to read some books on chinese cultures.
拓展句： first, it would be nice that you read some books on chinese cultures.
【点睛】[高分句型1] second, it couldn’t be better if you learn to use chopsticks, which makes you feel at ease when enjoying chinese cuisines. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句及which引导的非限制性定语从句和状语从句的省略句)
[高分句型2] i’d like to suggest what preparations you have to make. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“she needs me.” those were the exact words i spoke to my husband when i spotted dottie, a little dog we found at a local shelter eight years ago.
dottie leaned (倾斜) away when i tried to pet her and refused to let me hold her. while the other dogs jumped and barked, dottie returned to the back of the cage, curled up in a ball, hoping us to leave her alone.
on the entire drive home, dottie was in fear. so, upon arrival at our house, we got right to work. i held her as much as possible, touching her head and softly singing in her ear. we learned that she loved belly touch, so every time we passed by, we would offer a gentle touch. eventually, we noticed her presenting her belly as we walked by her. i knew we were making real progress when i found her quietly sleeping on a chair one day, her head resting on one of my shoes. my heart melted (融化) as i realized she had brought it there because it contained my smell, and she wanted it nearby.
ever so slowly, our little dog came to life. she began to play with toys, enjoy walks, and rest on our laps. there was no special treatment, no fancy food or toys. all we did was love her. and she grew well. she was so broken when we first met her that we had no idea what her true personality would be. but now we found a sweet, playful, loving soul.
one day, a few years after her adoption, i was busy doing housework around the house, doing laundry and climbing the stairs from the basement up to the main floor. when i finished, i sat down and enjoyed a well-deserved break. that’s when i realized i hadn’t seen dottie for a while. i called to her and began searching. my heart raced and my pace quickened as i began checking under beds and behind sofa.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
suddenly, i remembered the door to the basement.
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i held her in my arms tightly, telling her how sorry i was.
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【答案】suddenly, i remembered the door to the basement. i rushed downstairs, fear gripping my heart. and there she was, lying at the bottom of the stairs, her tiny body trembling. i scooped her up in my arms, her eyes filled with fright and confusion. for the next few days, dottie was visibly shaken by the incident. she clung to me, refusing to let me out of her sight. i realized that she had developed a sense of dependency on me, relying on me not only for love and comfort, but also for her safety and security. with each passing day, her trust in me grew stronger, and she began to let go of her fears.
i held her in my arms tightly, telling her how sorry i was. in the days that followed, i showered dottie with even more love and attention. i set up a comfortable and secure area for her in the house, making sure she had her own space where she could feel safe. i also started taking her to professional training classes to help build her confidence and trust in me. slowly but surely, dottie began to heal. she started venturing out of her safe space, exploring new areas of the house and even playing with toys again. every day, she showed more signs of trust and happiness. through this experience, i learned to appreciate the power of unconditional love and the importance of being a responsible and caring pet owner. dottie not only brought joy and love into my life, but she also taught me valuable lessons about patience, forgiveness, and the resilience of the human-animal bond.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物和一只名叫多蒂的小狗为线索展开，讲述了作者去当地收容所带回一只名叫多蒂的狗。在和多蒂的相处中，由于作者一次的失误，让多蒂被独自落在地下室，使其感到害怕，后经作者的悉心照顾和无私的爱，最终让多蒂回到以前自信和快乐的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，我想起了通往地下室的门。”可知，第一段可描写作者去地下室找多蒂的经过。。
②由第二段首句内容“我紧紧地把她抱在怀里，告诉她我是多么的抱歉。”可知，第二段可描写作者给多蒂更多的爱帮助她恢复自信和安全感。。
2.续写线索：想起了通往地下室的门——去地下室找多蒂——看到多蒂在颤抖——紧紧地把她抱在怀里——帮助她建立自信——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：refusing /turning down/rejecting
②意识到：realized/was aware of
③建立，增强：build/enhance/improve
情绪类
①恐惧：fright /fear/horror
②快乐：joy/happiness/ pleasure
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. i realized that she had developed a sense of dependency on me, relying on me not only for love and comfort, but also for her safety and security.（运用了从属连词that引导的宾语从句以及not only…but also…的固定句型。）
[高分句型2]. i set up a comfortable and secure area for her in the house, making sure she had her own space where she could feel safe.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语以及关系副词where引导的定语从句。）
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